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Deep  Breathing, 


AS  A MEANS  OP  PROMOTING  THE  ART  OP  SONG,  AND  OF 
CURING  WEAKNESSES  AND  AFPECTIONS  OP  THE 
THROAT  AND  LUNGS,  ESPECIALLY 
CONSUMPTION. 


BY 

SOPHIA  MAEQtJISE  A.  CICCOLINA. 


ILLUSTRATED, 


TRANSLATED  PROM  THE  GERMAN  BY 

EDGAR  S.  WERNER. 


W.  OF  TilE 

NOV  V 1F34 

UMiyii.uSiY  OF  iLLiNOlS 


NEW  YORK : 

M.  L.  HOLBEOOK  & 00 


Copyright,  1883, 

By  M.  L.  HOLBROOK. 


PRESS  OF  J.  J.  LITTLE  fit  CO., 

NOS.  lO  TO  20  ASTOR  PLACE,  NEW  YORK. 


Oo 


’f- . 


( \^  ,1 
C 4"^  A ’'.■••• 

REMOTE  STORAGE 

PEEFACE. 


The  following  pages  on  Deep  Breathing  seem  to  me 
too  valuable  not  to  be  preserved  in  permanent  form. 
They  were  originally  translated  by  Mr.  E.  S.  Werner  for 
the  admirable  paper  which  he  publishes,  entitled  The 
Voice,  and,  after  having  done  good  service  in  that  Journal, 
he  has  kindly  consented  to  have  them  ‘'appear  in  this 
form  for  still  more  extended  usefulness.  It  may  not  be 
out  of  place  if  I say  a few  words  in  this  preface  on  the 
relations  of  the  atmosphere  to  life,  which  will  serve  to 
enforce  the  value  of  the  practice  of  deep  breathing. 
Where  respiration  is  full  and  vigorous,  as  for  instance  in 
most  birds,  life  is  energetic.  Where  it  is  feeble,  as  in 
snakes  and  frogs,  life  is  torpid.  Man  lives  in  proportion 
as  he  breathes,  and  the  activity  of  the  child  is  in  close 
relation  to  the  strength  of  its  lungs  ; so,  too,  is  the  calm- 
ness, dignity  and  power  of  man  in  proportion  to  the 
depth  and  tranquillity  of  his  respiration.  If  the  lungs 
are  strong  and  active,  there  is  courage  and  boldness.  If 
feeble,  there  is  cowardice  and  debility.  To  be  out  of 
spirits  is  to  be  out  of  breath.  To  be  animated  and  joyous 
is  to  be  full  of  breath.  When  eager  and  full  of  enterprise, 
we  consume  large  quantities  of  air ; when  weary,  we  yawn  ; 
when  frightened,  we  are  breathless  and  aghast.  How- 
ever well  we  feed  ourselves,  if  we  do  not  breathe  enough, 
we  do  not  take  on  good  conditions,  but  become  feverish 
and  irritable. 

879895 


4 


PREFACE. 


Deep  breathing,  then,  helps  us  to  more  perfect  and  com- 
plete living.  It  is  so  simple  and  easy  a matter  that  every 
one  can  practice  it. 

The  enthusiasm  of  the  author  of  these  pages  is  so  great 
that  she  carries  her  readers  with  her.  In  a leading 
sanitarium,  a class  in  deep  breathing  was  formed  soon 
after  reading  one  of  the  chapters  of  this  book,  and  the 
inmates  rose  early  and  practiced  it  for  an  hour  before 
breakfast.  One  young  lady  invalid  increased  the  size  of 
her  chest  in  a few  weeks  three  inches,  and  her  health 
more  than  the  size  of  her  lungs.  Others  were  also 
greatly  benefited.  That  the  same  benefit  will  be  ex- 
tended to  thousands  there  can  be  no  doubt. 

I have  added  in  an  appendix,  in  a very  condensed  form, 
a few  facts  concerning  the  atmosphere,  for  which  I make 
no  apology. 


M.  L.  H. 


DEEP  BREATHING, 

AS  A MEANS  OF  PROMOTING  THE  ART  OF  SONG  AND 
OF  CURING  VARIOUS  DISEASES,  ESPECIALLY  CON- 
SUMPTION. 


I. 

Motto  : As  the  lungs  of  themselves  do  not  fully  perform  their  func- 
tion, and,  consequently,  are  not  sufficiently  exercised  and  kept 
at  the  height  of  their  energy,  they  lose  their  elasticity  and  are 
restrained  in  their  plastic  processes.  As  a result,  various  dis- 
eases originate  in  the  lungs  and  in  other  parts  of  the  body  affected 
by  the  condition  of  the  lungs.  Above  all  consumption  results. — 
Dr.  Fr.  Bicking. 

In  1877  I published,  in  the  Dutch  language,*  my  in- 
vestigations regarding  deep  breathing.  Since  then  I 
have  been  asked  very  many  times  what  induced  me  to 
write  on  a subject  so  far  outside  woman’s  customary 
sphere  of  thought.  This  very  natural  question  I will 
answer  at  once.  Gifted  with  more  than  ordinary  talent 
for  singing,  I improved  the  first  opportunity  of  cultivat- 
ing my  voice.  I took  lessons  of  the  first  teacher  at  a 
celebrated  conservatory.  My  progress  was  surprising. 
In  the  first  seven  months  I sang  the  dramatic  arias  of  the 
operas  The  Muette  of  Portici,”  The  Jewess,”  Eoh- 
ert  le  Diable,”  Ferdinand  Cortez,”  and  others.  After 
eight  months’  study  I had  lost  my  voice,  or  rather  was 

* De  diepe  AdemJialing,  hare  verhouding  tot  de  Gezondheid  en 
de  ZangTcunst,  Amsterdam,  Firma  Meyer,  1877. 


5 


6 


DEEP  BBEATHING. 


unable  to  use  it  for  singing.  Pain  in  my  throat  and 
chest,  and  an  indescribable  feeling  of  fatigue,  were  the  de- 
plorable results  of  every  new  attempt  I made  to  continue 
my  studies.  I well  remember  the  painful  sensations  I 
then  experienced,  especially  the  impression  that  an  in- 
ternal trouble  had  arisen.  I struggled  along  in  this  way 
for  nearly  three  years,  I consulted  various  physicians 
and  followed  their  advice ; devoted  myself  to  the  care  of 
my  health  ; went  to  the  first  artists  and  sang  under  their 
direction,  but  the  same  difficulties  always  met  me  : the 
breaking  of  the  tone  which  brought  me  to  despair,  and 
the  already  mentioned  physical  disorders  which  com- 
pelled me  to  let  my  voice  rest, — a fruitless  forbearance, 
for  every  renewed  attempt  to  sing  was  sure  to  bring  back 
the  old  troubles. 

My  condition  was  pitiable.  I was  possessed  of  a pow- 
erful, resonant  voice  of  a compass  of  two  octaves  and  a 
half,  and  yet  could  not  sing  ! Convinced  that  the  cause 
was  a wrong  use  of  the  tone-producing  organs,  I con- 
sulted some  of  the  most  celebrated  singing-teachers  of 
Paris,  but  was  always  met  with, — Best ; don’t  sing  for 
awhile  ! ” 

I leave  it  for  my  readers  to  judge  of  the  effect  this  ad- 
vice had  upon  me,  after  I had  been  resting  and  ref  raining 
from  singing  for  three  years  ! Yet  my  courage  did  not 
fail  me.  I said  to  myself  : Seek,  and  thou  shalt  find.” 
I sought  and  I found.  My  good  star  led  me  to  Wartel, 
in  whose  school  Trebelli,  Nilsson,  Marie  Eoze,  Montbelli, 
and  many  other  singers  have  had  their  voices  trained. 
After  two  months’  study  Wartel  informed  me  that  a year’s 
study  with  him  would  fit  me  for  an  artistic  career.  This 
was  not  my  intention  ; I only  wished  to  sing  at  any  time, 
to  be  able  to  use  the  gift  nature  had  bestowed  upon  me, 
for  my  own  and  others’  pleasure  ; and  that  this  became 


DEEP  BREATHING. 


7 


my  good  fortune  I have  to  thank  a three  months’  course, 
with  almost  daily  instruction,  with  the  great  master, 
Wartel. 

I could  sing  again  ! 

Do  you  know,  dear  reader,  what  it  is  to  sing  or  not  to 
be  able  to  sing  ? According  to  a saying  of  one  of  our 
Hollandic  authors,  Mina  Kriisemann,  ^^To  sing  or  not 
to  sing,”  is  almost  to  be  compared  to  Shakespeare’s  To 
be  or  not  to  be.”  Singing  is  life,”  she  writes.  Yes, 
only  he  who  has  sung  knows  how  joyous  life  is  made  by 
song,  for  ourselves  and  for  others. 

Now,  what  did  Wartel  do  to  restore  my  voice  ? At 
my  first  visit  he  said  to  me  : 

You  rest,  madame  ; that  is  ridiculous  ! Nature  has 
not  endowed  you  with  so  beautiful  an  organ  to  have  it 
kept  asleep.  It  is  necessary  to  sing,  but  to  sing  well, 
under  the  direction  of  a master,  not  of  an  executioner  ! ” 

This  will  sound  severe  to  him  who  has  injured  many 
voices  besides  mine.  He  is  not  the  only  one  who,  with- 
out general  knowledge  of  the  human  organism  or  special 
knowledge  of  the  vocal  organs,  systematically  ruins  the 
voices  whose  training  is  intrusted  to  him  ; not  to  men- 
tion the  innumerable  teachers  who,  although  they  do  not 
really  spoil  their  pupils’  voices,  are  not  qualified  to  give 
them  the  highest  possible  development.  I would  thun- 
der this  in  the  ears  of  directors  of  conservatories,  and  of 
others,  who  engage  as  singing-teachers  men  who, 
although  physically  robust,  are  unable  to  bear  the  fatigues 
of  an  artistic  song-career,  thereby  proving  that  they  sing 
by  a bad  method,  for  singing  is  conducive  to  health,  and 
is  beneficial  to  weak  as  well  as  to  healthy  and  strong 
persons. 

Stephen  de  la  Madeleine,  the  distinguished  and  con- 
scientious singing-teacher  of  Paris,  relates  the  case  of  a 


8 


DEEP  BBEATHmO. 


consumptive  young  girl  whose  health  he  not  only  restored 
by  judicious  singing  lessons,  but  also  developed  in  her  a 
comparatively  good  voice — something  she  did  not  possess 
before. 

Whoever  cannot  endure  singing,  sings  badly — bad  in 
so  far  that  his  singing  is  artificial,  not  natural ; that  is, 
he  does  not  employ  the  splendid  means  nature  has  placed 
at  his  disposal.  In  this  condition  I found  myself 
when  I went  to  Wartel  for  instruction.  To  whom  I 
owed  the  good  luck  of  being  able  to  use  my  voice 
naturally  again,  and  to  whom  I shall  ever  be  thankful,  I 
knew  on  leaving  Wartel.  The  means  of  my  restoration 
remained  a secret  to  me. 

Wartel,  who  was  then  about  70  years  old,  and  who 
still  often  delighted  his  pupils  with  his  full,  rich  voice, 
had  a very  mysterious  and  ingenious  method  which,  as 
he  said,  was  taken  from  the  old  Italian  masters.  He  had 
us  sing  certain  exercises  with  closed  mouth,  in  order  to 
bring  us  unconsciously  to  the  end  he  had  in  view,  viz. : 
to  attack  every  tone  in  one  and  the  same  place  and  to 
employ  deep,  abdominal  breathing. 

An  illustration  of  the  excellence  of  this  method  may 
be  given  here.  In  1876,  Daniel  de  Lange,  teacher  in  an 
Amsterdam  school  of  music,  called  on  me  and  desired 
some  hints  on  the  management  of  the  singing  voice,  of 
which  he  said  he  knew  nothing  for  a certainty.  There 
are,’^  he  explained,  so  many  young  voices  intrusted  to 
me,  that  I have  only  undertaken  their  training  with  a 
feeling  of  anxiety,  realizing  how  slight  a mistake  can 
ruin  them  forever.’^ 

^^Mere  hints,  dear  sir,”  I replied,  ‘‘will  be  of  little 
use  to  you  ; you  ought  to  sing  with  me,  for,  in  order  to 
teach  singing,  one  must,  at  least,  first  learn  to  sing.” 

“ But  I have  no  voice.” 


DEEP  BREATHING. 


9 


As  you  talk  to  me,  I am  conyinced  of  the  contrary/^ 

^^Yes,  but  my  voice  is  very  disagreeable,  even  false; 
forced,  it  seems  to  me,  in  my  youth.” 

^^That  is  of  little  consequence.  Where  there  is  no 
defect  in  hearing — as  can  be  presupposed  to  be  the  case 
with  such  an  excellent  musician  and  distinguished  vio- 
loncellist as  you — the  falsest  voice  can  be  restored  and 
cultivated.  Dissonance  usually  results  from  not  being 
able  to  control  the  vocal  organs,  from  forcing  or  wrongly 
using  them.” 

"^^But  I am  very  busy.  My  lessons  in  music,  the 
direction  of  various  singing  societies  both  in  and  out  of  the 
city,  leave  me  no  time  for  studying  singing.” 

am  also  very  much  occupied;  am  engaged  in 
studies,  and  am  about  to  publish  a book  on  the  progress 
of  singing,  a subject  of  deep  interest  to  both  of  us.  You 
devote  a couple  of  hours  a week  to  this  object,  and  I will 
also  do  so  with  the  greatest  pleasure.” 

We  began.  He  certainly  did  have  a disagreeable, 
nasal,  hollow  and  trembling  voice  which  could  not  pro- 
duce pure  tone  even  in  a compass  of  three  or  four  notes. 
Soon  the  disagreeable,  nasal  and  false  tones  disappeared. 
His  voice  increased  in  compass,  resonance  and  power  as  he 
more  and  more  gave  it  the  inner  support  of  a compressed 
and  firmly  held  air-column,  which  is  furnished  only  by 
voluntary  deep  breathing.  He  soon  taught  my  method, 
with  happy  results.  He  also  soon  criticised,  as  reviewer 
of  a much-read  and  valued  journal  {Het  Nieuws  van  den 
Dag)y  the  different,  mostly  bad,  types  of  breathing  of  ar- 
tists ; but  unfortunately,  without  giving  them  a remedy, 
as  he  forgot  to  call  attention  to  my  school  of  breathing. 

After  this  digression  I will  observe  that  the  deep 
breathing,  to  which  we  were  unknowingly  habituated  by 
Wartel,  and  which  I found  out  only  years  afterward,  is 
1* 


10 


DEEP  BREATHING. 


not  alone  the  basis  of  a healthy,  powerful  voice-de- 
velopment, but  also  the  surest  foundation  of  respiratory 
gymnastics  which  have  been  recommended  for  years. 

The  great  art  of  singing  does  not,  indeed,  consist  in 
merely  inhaling  a large  quantity  of  air,  but  almost  wholly 
in  retaining  the  air,  in  controlling  the  expiratory  muscles, 
which  instinctively  perform  their  work  if  we,  voluntarily 
or  involuntarily,  do  not  hinder  them.  The  voluntary  and 
long  retention  of  air  is  far  more  difficult  to  accomplish 
and  requires  far  more  practice  than  actual  deep  inhala- 
tion. This  was  certainly  the  reason  why  the  wise  men  of 
antiquity,  who  used  respiratory  gymnastics  as  a means  of 
restoring  and  promoting  health,  so  strongly  advised  hold- 
ing air  in  the  lungs.*  The  retention  of  air  is  an  art 
needful  to  every  singer.  For  the  sake  of  song  it  is,  there- 
fore, to  be  deeply  regretted  that  the  daily  breathing  exer- 
cises of  the  ancients  should  have  fallen  into  oblivion. 

By  practicing  deep  inhalation  and  holding  the  air,  I 
recovered,  some  years  afterward,  from  a sickness  which 
my  physician  called  a nervous  asthmatic  affection  of  the 
respiratory  organs. I have  had  the  happiness  of  reliev- 
ing a number  of  asthmatic  persons,  by  the  use  of  these 
respiratory  gymnastics ; to  greatly  ameliorate  the  condi- 
tion of  consumptives  and  of  those  who  expectorated  blood, 
by  the  so  salutary  practice  of  deep  breathing,  which 
requires  not  the  slightest  strain  on  the  part  of  the  invalid ; 
to  cure  completely  a man  twenty  years  old,  who  had  suf- 
fered from  his  seventh  year  with  a severe  form  of  asthma, 

* A deep  breath  widens  the  air-cells  in  the  lungs,  increases  the 
activity  and  strengthens  the  elasticity  of  their  tissue,  while  the  cel- 
ular  and  fatty  tissue  in  the  interstices  is  removed.  On  the  other 
hand,  a restraining  of  the  respiratory  function  and  of  the  pulmon- 
ary vesicles  causes  the  lungs  to  become  smaller  and  their  tissue  to 
grow  thicker. — Die  Gymnastik  des  Athmens,  by  Dr.  Bicking,  p.  10. 


DEEP  BEEATHING. 


11 


by  singing  exercises,  joined,  of  course,  to  continual  reten- 
tion of  air ; and,  finally,  to  see  changed  to  a healthy  and 
robust  condition  an  aged  and  blind  man  of  Amsterdam 
who  for  seven  years  had  languished  there  in  consequence 
of  great  debility  and  impoverished  blood,  by  deep  breath- 
ing and  retention  of  air  out-of-doors.  In  short,  I 
have  had  the  good  fortune  to  learn  to  prize  the  worth 
of  deep  breathing  for  the  preservation  of  health  and 
life. 

Should  I keep  all  this  to  myself  ? Should  I withhold 
from  all  mankind  this  great  secret  of  art  known  only  to  a 
few  singing-teachers  and  artists  ? No  ! The  recollec- 
tion of  the  pain  I had  suffered  on  account  of  losing  my 
voice  lived  too  fresh  in  my  heart.  Vividly  appeared  before 
my  mental  vision  the  hundreds,  yes,  the  thousands,  perhaps, 
who,  similarly  afflicted,  were  thus  robbed  of  a happy 
existence,  of  a brilliant  career,  and  I resolved  to  do  all  I 
could  to  spare  them  from  this  melancholy  fate,  and  to 
strive  with  all  my  power  to  restore  the  old  Italian  school 
of  singing  in  all  its  purity  and  grandeur. 

I turned  first  to  physicians,  that  through  their  influence 
I might  gain  entrance  to  hospitals,  asylums  for  the  blind, 
and  other  charitable  institutions.  I succeeded  in  impart- 
ing my  ideas  to  directors,  superintendents,  singing-teach- 
ers, physicians  of  hospitals  and  asylums,  and  in  teaching 
them  deep  breathing.  All  of  our  physiologists,  with 
whom  I conversed,  were  greatly  interested  in  the  subject, 
and  encouraged  me  to  continue  my  investigations.  But 
I failed  in  what  I most  desired  ; none  of  our  scientists 
would  take  up  the  pen  for  the  good  cause  that  lay  so  near 
my  heart.  The  most  friendly  of  them — and  among  such 
I thankfully  name  Prof.  G.  J.  Mulder  and  Prof.  Stokis, 
of  Amsterdam,  and  Dr.  Swaving,  of  Arnheim,  (Holland) — 
advised  me  to  write.  We  must  make  a virtue  of  neces- 


12 


DEEP  BEE  A THING. 


sity.”  Failing  to  procure  another’s  pen,  I determined  to 
use  my  own. 

But  to  write  on  so  difficult  a subject,  I had  to  study 
more ; to  renew  my  inquiries  in  various  directions.  I now 
give  the  result  of  my  investigations,  and  would  address 
especially  that  part  of  humanity  which  suffers  the  most 
— woman,  she  who  falls  the  first  victim  of  so  many  pre- 
vailing false  notions  regarding  education,  propriety, 
clothing,  etc.  ; she — unfortunately,  I must  confess  it — 
who  is  the  joint  cause  of  the  listless,  enervated,  stunted 
condition  frequently  seen  in  the  present  generation,  and 
especially  in  the  better  classes. 

Nature  gives  us  nothing  without  an  object.  This  is 
shown  by  the  ancients’  unremitting  search  for  the  use  of 
the  spleen.  The  smallest  part  of  our  body  has  its  pur- 
pose and  contributes  to  the  welfare  of  the  entire  organism. 
We  have  our  eyes  and  ears,  hands  and  feet,  to  use  in  their 
full  development ; and  who  of  us  would  be  so  irrational 
as  to  teach  his  child  to  go  through  life  with  half-covered 
eye,  with  half-stopped  ear,  or  with  closed  hand  ? ‘^No 
one,”  I hear  in  reply  ; ^^no  one  !”  The  Chinese,  indeed, 
cripple  the  feet  of  their  women  ; they  cramp  their  soles 
as  much  as  possible — the  very  parts  that  must  bear  the 
body  through  life  with  ease  and  grace  ! My  dear  reader, 
the  Chinese  may  not  know  any  better,  yet  they  are  much 
wiser  than  we  Europeans.  They  violate  the  laws  of 
nature  much  less  than  we  do.  A person  can  be  healthy 
with  three-fourths  or  one-half  a foot,  or,  indeed,  without 
any  foot  at  all.  Without  lungs  life  is  not  possible  even 
a moment ; and  by  our  forcing  one-half  or  three-fourths 
of  our  lungs  to  remain  inactive — as  most  of  us  in  the 
upper  classes  do — we  give  ourselves  and  our  children  an 
enervated,  sickly  organism ; and  we  women  develop  the 
germs  of  the  many  diseases  which  have  become  a disgrace 


DEEP  BREATHING, 


13 


to  humanity,  and  among  which  stands  preeminently  con- 
sumption, which  statistics  say  is  the  cause  of  twenty  per 
cent,  of  the  deaths.  For  nature  gives  us  nothing  in  vain, 
nothing  without  a very  useful  purpose.  She  is  right 
every  time, says  Goethe,  ^‘and  particularly  where  we 
least  understand  her.^^  She  gave  us  so  many  lung-cells 
that  if  spread  out  they  would  cover  14,000  square  feet. 
These  were  not  given  us  for  an  ornament,  but  because 
they  are  absolutely  necessary  for  the  preservation  of 
health  and  the  maintenance  of  life.  They  are  essential 
for  the  reception  of  oxygen  and  the  expulsion  of  carbonic 
acid,  which  is  the  function  of  the  respiratory  process. 

She  cannot  do  otherwise  than  do  right  eternally,’^  ob- 
serves the  divinely-endowed  poet  further,  ''unconcerned 
as  to  what  the  results  may  be.^’ 

Yes,  heedless  of  the  consequences,  she  goes  along  at- 
taching inevitable  effects  to  causes  and  calmly  looks  on, 
for  centuries  and  centuries,  while  everything  seems  pro- 
gressive, while  human  knowledge  of  natural  laws  widens, 
while  the  human  organism  becomes  weaker  and  more 
languid,  and  begins  life  burdened  with  more  and  more 
disease-germs,  puzzling  scientists,  who  are  kept  busy  in- 
venting new  names  for  the  vocabulary  of  abnormal  human 
affections.  Could  we  look  into  this  vocabulary  we  would 
shrink  in  terror  from  the  awful  number  of  ills  to  which 
we  are  exposed.  We  laymen  would  also  be  more  careful 
how  we  speak  disparagingly  of  the  knowledge  and  skill  of 
our  physicians.  The  superficial  assertion  is  not  infre- 
quently heard,  Pshaw!  doctors  don’t  know  it  either.” 
There  is  much,  gracious  reader,  that  the  physician  does 
not  know,  but  he  knows  a thousandfold  more  than  we, 
and  particularly  that  which  he  wisely  withholds  from  us, 
viz. : That  it  is  often  difficult,  almost  impossible,  to  check 
the  devastating  development  of  germs,  which  we  not  sel- 


14 


DEEP  BREATHING. 


dom  have  had  within  us  and  have  nourished  many  years, 
and  to  bring  the  body  to  a healthful  condition.  The  phy- 
sician is  constantly  confronted  by  problems  presented  to 
him  by  natural  symptoms  whose  causes  he  must  ascertain. 
We  should  be  willing  to  aid  him  in  this  difficult  task,  for 
we  best  know  our  own  physical  and  mental  state.  But, 
above  all,  we  should  not  be  deaf  to  his  advice,  the  ob- 
servance of  which  often  will  spare  us  dangerous  diseases. 
For  is  it  not  true  that  we  women,  in  spite  of  his  repeated 
warnings  and  in  defiance  of  well-known  natural  laws,  fol- 
lowing fashion  slavishly,  cramp  and  deform  our  lungs  and 
chest,  thereby  impeding  the  respiratory  process  and  giv- 
ing our  bodies  an  unnatural  shape,  suited  to  the  wasp  but 
not  to  human  beings  ? And  yet  we  inconsistently  ridi- 
cule the  Chinese, — discovering  the  mote  in  our  brother’s 
eye  while  we  are  blind  to  the  beam  in  our  own  eye  ! 

How  often  have  I heard  invalids  say  : We  must  be 
to  our  parents  a constant  cause  for  self-reproach  and  accu- 
sation, for  we  have  them  to  thank  for  our  miserable  body, 
which  we,  coughing^and  panting,  must  drag  through 
life!”  And,  unfortunately,  it  is  so.  Were  not  phy- 
sicians the  most  considerate  and  sympathetic  of  persons, 
how  often  would  our  ears  be  shocked  by  unwelcome, 
galling  truths, — how  often  would  be  obliged  to  hear 
at  the  bedside  of  our  sick  childreix,  surrounded  by  sob- 
bing mothers,  these  or  similar  words  : You  have  given 
your  children  this  wretched  organism.  Your  folly  has 
brought  them  so  young  to  the  brink  of  the  grave.  Your 
mania  for  tight-lacing  and  your  aversion  to  fresh  air  have 
kept  nature  from  exerting  her  salutary  infiuence  upon 
the  bodies  of  your  children.  You  have  burdened  them 
with  this  infirm  body,  with  which  they  in  turn  will  bear 
children  who  likewise  will  be  puny  and  sickly.  Even 
the  poor,  ill-nourished  laboring  woman  produces  healthy 


BEEP  BBEATHING,  15 

offspring,  which  you  might  haye  did  you  obey  nature’s 
laws/^ 

Oh,  that  the  many  warnings,  oral  and  written,  of 
physiologists  and  hygienists  were  heeded  more,  especially 
when  they  refer  to  the  change  of  gases  in  our  lungs ! 
What  must  we  do  here — what  terrible  sacrifices  of  money 
and  time  must  we  make  ? Nothing  to  do  except  to  give 
our  lungs  room,  and  admit  air  freely  to  them.  We  merely 
have  to  stop  compressing  our  lungs  into  the  smallest 
space,  thereby  preventing  millions  of  air-cells  from  per- 
forming their  functions.  We  should  watch  not  only  the 
muscles  of  our  arms  and  legs,  but  also  thoige  of  inhalation 
and  exhalation ; we  should  not  only  not  impede  their 
natural  action,  but  exercise  them  voluntarily,  as  we  do 
the  muscles  of  our  hands  and  feet  in  the  gymnasium, 
that  they  subsequently  may  move  automatically  to  the 
good  of  our  health. 

Breath,’’  writes  Dr.  von  der  Deeken*  (and  Dr.  Neu- 
mann pronounces  these  statements  as  true  as  any  that 
have  been  made  in  the  domain  of  the  natural  sciences), 
— breath  is  an  actual  vivifying  act;  and  the  need  of 
breath,  as  felt,  is  a real  life-hunger  and  a proof  that 
without  the  continual  charging  of  the  blood-column  with 
the  proper  force  all  the  other  vital  organs  would  soon 
stagnate  and  cease  action  altogether.” 

The  reply  may  be  made  : Why,  we  always  breathe  ; 
indeed,  we  could  not  live  without  breathing.”  It  is  true 
that  we  breathe  involuntarily,  passively,  but  we  should 
breathe  voluntarily,  actively  ; for,  as  Professor  Lehwess  f 
writes,  ^^full  inhalation  does  not  take  place  wholly  with- 
out our  volition.”  We  ought  to  breathe  voluntarily. 


* Graefenhurger  Mittheilungen,  Heft  1,  p.  7. 
t Die  Heilung  des  Stotterns,  Braunschweig : Yieweg  & Son,  1868. 


16 


DEEP  BREATHING, 


forcibly,  often  ; and  to  be  able  to  do  this  without  fatigu- 
ing in  the  least  the  most  delicate  and  sickly  constitution, 
we  should  take  deep  breaths  and  teach  them  to  our 
families  and  friends.  We  should  so  strive  that  a new 
century  will  not  find  a civilized,  cultured,  yes,  a very 
learned  people  unable  to  voluntarily,  either  for  the  pur- 
poses of  nature  or  of  art,  perform  the  first  and  most 
indispensable  function  of  life.  According  to  my  firm 
belief,  this  is  the  most  effectual  means  offered  us  of  de- 
stroying the  innumerable,  terrible  disease-germs — especi- 
ally the  germ  of  consumption — ^which  have  accumulated 
in  us  as  the  result  of  our  perverted,  unnatural  manner  of 
life.  In  using  this  remedy  we  simply  listen  to  nature, 
who  constantly  urges  us  to  take  in  breath ; we  imitate 
her  when  she  uses  fever — L e,,  an  increased  functional 
activity,  an  accelerating  of  the  respiratory  process — to 
drive  the  seeds  of  disease  from  our  bodies  ; we  aid  her, 
we  anticipate  her  and  pluck  the  fruit  which  ripens  for 
mankind  on  the  tree  of  knowledge  of  natural,  deep 
breathing. 


II. 

Motto  : Inspired  air  receives  its  first  virtue  through  the  gymnastic 
of  breathing.  What  is  the  use  to  send  invalids  to  a healthy 
region  if  they  do  not  breathe  its  air  deep  into  their  lungs  ? Air 
of  itself  does  not  expand  the  lungs  ; their  mechanical  expansion 
is  more  salutary  than  the  advantages  of  so-called  healthy  regions. 
— Dr.  Fr.  Bicking. 

^^Who  goes  slow,  goes  sure,”  were  the  words  with 
which  I began,  in  the  previously-mentioned  book,  to  give 
the  result  of  my  inquiries  into  deep  breathing, — its  effect 
upon  health  and  the  art  of  song.  In  this,  also,  nature 
sets  us  the  example.  Slowly  and  surely  she  develops 
every  seed  and  every  grain  of  sand.  Slowly  and  surely 


DEEP  BREATHING. 


17 


she  forms  in  us  the  almost  unnoticeable  microscopic 
germs  which  frequently  break  out  before  our  astonished 
eyes  in  devastating  diseases.  Slowly  and  surely  she  allows 
us  to  glance  into  her  treasure-store  that  our  information 
may  be  founded  upon  fact, — to  dive  into  experience  from 
which  issues,  likewise  slowly  and  surely,  knowledge,  the 
mother  of  wisdom. 

In  like  manner  man  erects  the  structure  of  science. 
Very  slowly  and  surely  rises  that  proud  temple,  whose 
top  already  towers  high,  although  many  a stone  is  want- 
ing to  perfect  it.  Glad  must  be  he  who  is  able  to  con- 
tribute even  a grain  of  sand  toward  its  construction. 
This  was  my  happy  lot  on  communicating  my  experience 
with  the  art  of  breathing  and  of  song  to  a number  of 
Hollandic  physiologists,  who  always  encouraged  and  in- 
structed me,  and  finally  induced  me  to  publish  the  results 
of  my  inyestigations. 

Up  to  the  present  time,  voluntary  deep  Ireathing  is  not 
discussed  or  mentioned  in  any  physiological  worh  ! 

Although  recognized  and  recommended  to  the  atten- 
tion of  physiologists  by  our  leading  periodicals,  my  book 
has  not  accomplished  its  purpose.  Why  ? Very  proba- 
bly because  I,  in  attempting  to  reveal  a melancholy  truth 
with  the  greatest  delicacy,  gave  too  much  prominence  to 
the  art  of  song.  In  view  of  the  deplorable  scarcity  of 
physicians,  the  result  of  the  new  statuses,  how  could  a 
doctor,  who  is  confronted  by  so  many  vital  questions,  be 
expected  to  give  special  attention  to  vocal  culture  ? Has 
he  not  too  much  on  his  hands  already  ? This  is  shown 
by  the  petition  recently  addressed  to  the  Dutch  govern- 
ment and  signed  by  forty-nine  physicians.  What  inter- 
est, then,  can  a Hollandic  doctor  take  in  the  flourishing 
of  a luxurious  art  ? Why  should  he  care  if,  in  distant 
countries,  many  excellent  voices  are  ruined  by  a bad 


18 


DEEP  BUEATEim, 


method  of  breathing,  if  out  of  the  true  fountain  of  life, 
health  and  happiness  in  the  voluntary  promotion  of 
change  of  organic  substance,  many  singers  drink  sick- 
ness, despair,  and  even  death  ? 

Did  not  the  art  of  song  find  the  requisite  protection, 
on  the  part  of  physiologists,  in  Oribasius,  CaBlius  Aure- 
lius, Plutarch,  Mercurialis,  Aristoteles,  and  Galen  ? Did 
they  not  recommend  singing  as  conducive  to  health,  and 
as  a remedy  for  various  diseases  ? Have  not  our  con- 
temporary scientists — Drs.  Segond,  Bennati,  Debay,  Co- 
lombat  de  Plsere,  Cruveilhier,  and  others — written  on 
this  subject  ? Has  not  Dr.  Mandl,  physician  to  the 
Paris  Conservatory,  in  conjunction  with  MM.  Flourens 
and  Magendi,  declared  that  the  bad  condition  of  the 
voices  of  most  French  singers,  after  one  or  two  years^  in- 
struction, was  wholly  due  to  the  manner  of  breathing 
taught  at  the  Conservatory  ? Did  they  not  add,  that  of 
the  various  modes  of  breathing — clavicular,  costal,  and 
abdominal — only  the  last  named  should  be  recommended 
as  practicable,  correct,  and  advantageous  to  health  and 
voice  ? Is  not  this  also  the  view  of  Dr.  Lennox  Browne, 
surgeon  to  Her  Majesty’s  Italian  Opera  in  London,  who, 
in  a recent  lecture  before  a large  scientific  society,  de- 
monstrated that  singers’  injured  voices  were  the  fruit  of 
wrong  breathing,  and  that  the  secret  of  proper  cultiva- 
tion and  preservation  of  the  voice  was  lost  with  the  old 
Italian  school,  whose  masters  did  their  utmost  to  develop 
deep  breathing — abdominal  breathing,  which  seemed  to 
him  the  only  respiratory  method  to  advise  ? 

All  this  is  only  too  true,  and  it  would  be  ingratitude 
on  our  part  if  we  did  not  acknowledge  the  debt  we  owe  to 
these  and  many  other  physiologists  for  their  efforts  in  be- 
half of  the  art  of  song.  Not  less  true  is  it,  as  Dr.  Browne 
further  observed,  that  the  cultivation  and  preservation  of 


DEEP  BBEATHma. 


19 


the  human  voice  should  be  under  the  guidance  of  a phys- 
iologist, of  a physician.  The  opinion  of  this  distin- 
guished man  is  the  same  that  I expressed  to  our  physiol- 
ogists, when  I besought  them  to  take  up  their  pen  for  the 
good  cause.  But  they  advised  me  to  do  it  myself.  In 
view  of  these  facts  it  is  less  surprising  that  I at  once  de- 
voted myself  assiduously  to  the  study  of  the  human  re- 
spiratory organs,  and  wrote  a book,  in  which  I tried  to 
proved  to  scientists  that,  if  the  decline  of  the  art  of  song 
was  due  to  the  manner  of  breathing,  this  abnormal 
respiratory  method  was  the  fault  of  physiologists,  for 
they  have  discussed  all  the  various  modes  (even  the  worst) 
of  breathing,  except  the  only  right  one — abdominal! 

This  neglect  is  the  more  to  be  wondered  at,  and  the 
more  to  be  deplored,  when  the  consequences  are  consid- 
ered. Centuries  and  centuries  have  passed  since  respira- 
tory  gymnastics  were  recommended  as  a means  to  restore 
and  preserve  health.  Dr.  Neumann,  in  his  valuable 
work,*  says  : The  Chinese  employed  voluntary  and  in- 
geniously varied  breath-taking  as  a remedy  for  many  dis- 
eases. Likewise,  the  people  of  East  India,  1300  years 
B.  c.,  practiced  breathing,  holding  the  air  in  the  lungs, 
etc.,  several  times  a day,  for  the  purpose  of  cleansing  all 
the  organs  of  the  body,  especially  those  of  the  chest. 

Cselius  and  Galen,  and  other  Greek  and  Eoman  physi- 
cians, recommended  deep  breathing  and  retention  of  air — 
cohibitio  spiritus — as  a daily  exercise  and  as  a remedy. 
They  believed  thereby  to  increase  the  heat  of  the  inner 
organism,  to  enlarge  the  chest,  to  strengthen  the  res- 
piratory organs,  to  remove  impurities  from  the  breast, 
to  open  the  pores  of  the  skin,  to  thin  the  skin  itself, 
and  to  drive  fluids  through. 


* Die  Athmungshunst  des  Menschen, 


20 


DEEP  BREATHim. 


the  Middle  Ages/^  writes  Dr.  Neumann,  ^Hhe 
Greek  and  Eoman  physicians,  as  is  shown  by  the  writings 
of  Mercurialis,  Oribasius,  and  others,  knew  the  use  of 
respiratory  gymnastics  in  the  treatment  of  diseases  only 
theoretically,  but  did  not  employ  them  in  their  practice  ; 
certainly  they  did  not  improve  upon  them.^^  Yet  we 
read  in  the  writings  of  Oribasius  very  interesting  remarks 
on  the  influence  of  singing  upon  the  course  of  various  dis- 
eases. Singing  was  used  not  only  to  prevent  but  to  cure 
affections  of  the  lungs  and  of  the  digestive  organs.  Plu- 
tarch asserts  that  the  exercise  of  the  voice  does  much  to 
promote  health,  and  Cselius  Aurelius  prescribed  singing 
as  a remedy  for  headache,  catarrh  and  insanity. 

Now,  what  is  singing  but  exercise,  especially  of  the 
respiratory  apparatus  ? Does  it  not  consist  in  a constant 
change  of  a large  quantity  of  air  which  we  first  voluntar- 
ily retain  in  order  to  expel  it  again  with  all  possible  force  ? 
Does  it  not  consist  in  an  actual  renewal  of  the  air 
within  us  ? It  is  the  employment  of  the  different  breath- 
movements  used  as  a remedy  by  the  Chinese,  as  religious 
exercises  by  the  people  of  India,  as  a health-preservative 
by  the  Greeks  and  Eomans,  and  for  the  same  purpose  by 
Oribasius  in  the  Middle  Ages.  Singing  is,  therefore,  a 
breath  and  lung-gymnastic,  recommended  centuries  ago, 
but  which,  unfortunately,  since  then  has  been  little  known 
in  theory  or  practice. 

Many  great  singers  have  appeared  on  the  artistic  hori- 
zon ; much  has  been  written  upon  the  art  of  singing ; 
gymnasts,  whose  chief  aim  is  to  strengthen,  by  the  vol- 
untary exercise  of  all  the  muscles,  the  body,  and  especi- 
ally the  lungs,  have  sought  to  impart  their  knowledge  for 
the  good  of  mankind — yet  in  spite  of  all  this,  their  efforts 
have  mainly  failed  because  of  the  neglect  of  separate, 
voluntary,  deep-breathing  exercises.  They  were  wrecked 


DEEP  BREA  THING, 


21 


on  the  ignorance  which  still  exists  in  regard  to  the  hu- 
man respiratory  functions.  The  lung-gymnastics  of 
thousands  of  years  ago  subsequently  fell  into  disuse,  and 
in  our  day  are,  unfortunately,  known  only  by  name. 

What  has  been  the  cause  of  this  melancholy  state  of 
affairs  ? Has  science — the  knowledge  of  nature  and  of 
her  laws — made  such  giant  strides  forward  in  the  last 
decades  that  we  haye  been  induced  to  overlook  the  value 
of  good  air,  the  first  and  best  means  offered  by  nature  for 
allaying  our  life-hunger  ? Have  scientists  failed  to  ac- 
quaint us  with  its  virtue  ? Do  they  stand  mute  and  mo- 
tionless, perceiving  unconcerned  how  humanity  comes 
into  existence  in  individuals  always  weaker,  punier,  and 
less  and  less  fit  for  life’s  duties  ? Do  they  behold  how 
impoverished  blood,  scurvy,  nervousness^and  that  terrible 
plague,  consumption,  are  devastating  more  and  more 
all  classes  of  society,  sparing  neither  wealth  nor  youth  ? 
Do  they  see  all  this  without  warning  us,  without  teach- 
ing us,  without  imparting  to  us  their  knowledge  ? 

ISTo  ! Numberless  books  prove  the  contrary.  The 
physician,  the  ever-sympathizing,  true  friend  of  suffering 
humanity,  does  not  stop  with  using  all  the  remedies 
known  to  him.  He  searches  unremittingly  in  that  laby- 
rinth called  the  human  body,  in  which  he  is  able  to  ob- 
tain actual  insight  only  when  the  spirit  has  departed  and 
all  the  life-functions  have  ceased.  He  investigates  rest- 
lessly, and  communicates  whatever  can  be  of  service  to 
us.  How  many  books  can  be  found  which  have  the  same 
origin  and  aim — to  direct  us  laymen  to  the  inexorable 
laws  of  nature,  who  so  often  punishes  slight  offenses  with 
the  severest,  most  deplorable  consequences. 

Beside  those  already  named,  I would  mention  Dr. 
Bock,  the  renowned  champion  of  the  general  dissemi- 
nation of  approved  remedies  and  sanitary  measures,  and 


22 


DEEP  BPEATHim. 


the  indefatigable  opponent  of  secret  nostrums,  W^ho  in  his 
multitudinous  writings  continually  advises  powerful 
inspirations  and  expirations  in  the  purest  air/^  Oruveil- 
hier,  in  his  Mouvements  de  Tetanos  ” Tetanic  Move- 
ments’’], recommends  deep  breathing  not  only  as  a health- 
remedy,  but  also  as  a cure  for  muscular  convulsions,  es-  ^ 
pecially  tonic  spasms.  Prof.  Lehwess,  speech-physician 
of  Berlin,  in  his  Heilung  des  Stott er ns  ” Cure  of 

Stuttering”],  expresses  the  same  opinion,  and  bases  his 
method  for  the  cure  of  stuttering  mainly  upon  respira- 
tory and  vocal  exercises.  He  says:  Thereby  we  work 
upon  enervated  muscles  and  their  functions,  bring  them 
into  permanent  activity,  and  make  them  obedient  to  our 
will.  Thus,  not  only  will  the  respiratory  system  be  en- 
larged and  quickened,  and  the  lungs  strengthened,  but 
the  blood’s  circulation  promoted  and  the  injurious  influ- 
ence overcome  which  often  takes  away  the  stutterer’s 
courage  for  speaking  and  puts  his  very  soul  in  chains.” 

Notwithstanding  the  great  excellence  of  his  book.  Prof. 
Lehwess  describes  as  little  as  do  Dr.  Bock  and  others, 
natural,  deep  breathing.  How  many  medical  and  scien- 
tiflc  books  are  translated  into  other  languages  ! In  this 
connection  I can  mention  in  one  breath  two  eminent, 
learned  philanthropists,  without  being  able  to  decide 
which  one  deserves  the  greater  admiration — either  the 
celebrated  and  talented  Dr.  Niemeyer,  of  Leipzig,  who,  in 
warning  tones  through  all  his  writings,  urges  breathing 
gymnastics  upon  well  and  sick  in  words  like  these : 

Prize  air  ; use  good,  pure  air ; breathe  fresh  air  in  your 
room  by  night  as  well  as  by  day.”  Or  Dr.  Sannes,  of 
Kotterdam,  who,  in  his  translations  of  Dr.  Niemeyer’s 
works,  fully  agrees  with  his  colleague,  and  sends  forth 
his  teachings  like  a powerful  echo  for  the  good  of  his 
fatherland  and  his  countrymen. 


DEEP  BREATHING, 


23 


To  both  of  these  gentlemen  I owe  boundless  thanks, 
for  by  their  prescribed  cold-remedy — breathing  exercises 
by  open  window,  the  fresh  air  (even  in  very  cold  weather) 
streaming  into  a warm  room,  at  the  beginning  of  the 
cold — have  cured,  in  one  or  two  days,  at  various  times, 
very  dear  friends  who  formerly  were  subject  to  long 
weary  months  of  sickness  as  the  result  of  colds.  I must 
add  that,  following  the  advice  of  my  physician.  Dr.  Swa- 
ving,  of  Arnheim,  I did  not  have  my  patients  stand  at 
the  window,  but  lying  in  bed  secured  from  draft  and  too 
strong  a current  of  air. 

Dr.  Dally,  in  his  work,  speaking  of  the  purely  chemical 
direction  taken  by  medicine  and  the  consequent  disregard 
of  organic  and  particularly  respiratory  treatment,  writes: 

There  is,  then,  a vast  chasm  in  medical  art.  We  must 
. attribute  this  neglect  to  the  present  ignorance  of  the  re- 
medial gymnastics  of  the  ancients,  and  to  the  too  great 
importance  given  to  the  accessory  sciences  in  modern 
therapeutics,  which  too  often  are  veritable  chemical  ex- 
periments.’’ Dr.  Dally  may  rejoice  at  the  progress  made 
in  this  respect.  We  are  indebted  most  to  his  great  ad- 
mirer and  imitator.  Dr.  Neumann,  who,  in  his  volumi- 
nous book  entitled  Die  Atlimungskunst  des  Menschen^^ 
The  Art  of  Breathing  of  Man”],  contributes  not  only 
grains  of  sand,  as  he  modestly  says,  but  blocks  of  stone 
to  fill  up  the  gaps  indicated  by  Dr.  Dally. 

Dr.  Neumann’s  work  has  been  a real  guide  to  me  in 
exploring  the  field  of  the  human  respiratory  system. 
Doubtless,  many  of  my  lady  readers  would  like  to  know 
how  it  led  me  to  the  discovery  that  physiological  books, 
instead  of  describing  natural,  voluntary,  deep  breathing, 
only  treat  of  an  artificial  enlargement  of  the  thorax. 
The  fulfilling  of  this  desire  would,  unfortunately,  tax 
their  minds.  I would  have  to  lead  them  to  regions  not 


24 


BEEF  BBEATHim. 


willingly  approached  by  delicate,  womanly  natures,  to 
subjects  they  shrink  from  discussing,  to  vital  questions 
upon  which  they  do  not  care  to  think. 

However,  I write  mainly  for  the  welfare  of  woman. 
My  own  experience  teaches  me  how  difficult  it  is  for  us 
women,  even  with  a great  object  in  view,  to  hold  our- 
selves to  the  consideration  of  that  living  wonder  called 
the  human  body — to  ascertain  how  this  cause  produces 
that  effect ; how  this  muscle  supports  that  muscle  ; not- 
withstanding that  this  negligence  may  be  the  means  of 
our  overlooking  how  certain  muscles,  which  we  are 
wrongly  using  and  overtaxing  by  our  artificial  mode  of 
living,  are  disturbing  the  natural  functions  of  other  mus- 
cles ; and  also  the  means  of  our  misunderstanding  en- 
tirely the  speech  of  nature, because  it,’’  as  Schopen- 
hauer says,  ^^is  so  very  simple.”  We  thus  impose  hard, 
unnecessary  burdens  upon  our  bodies,  as  is  the  case  in 
voluntary  costal  breathing. 

Fortunately,  we  women  do  not  require  so  great  and 
comprehensive  knowledge  of  nature  in  order  to  be  healthy 
and  energetic,  to  be  useful  to  ourselves  and  to  others. 
We  do  not  need  to  pile  superfluous,  scientiflc  burdens  on 
our  delicate  bodies,  already  exposed  to  so  many  cares  and 
sorrows,  before  we  can  avail  ourselves  of  the  blessings  so 
freely  and  abundantly  offered  us  by  nature.  All  we  have 
to  do  is  to  avoid  those  perils  which  are  bringing  our  sex — 
yes,  all  civilized  humanity — to  the  brink  of  a terrible 
abyss  breathing  forth  sorrow  and  pain.  We  must  no 
longer  despise  and  reject  the  first  and  chief  vital  nour- 
ishment. We  must  learn  to  practically  develop  those 
parts  of  our  body  which  are  designed  to  receive  it  and  to 
convert  it  into  natural  bodily  nutrition.  As  many  scien- 
tists of  this  and  former  times  have  advised,  we  must 
learn  to  inhale  air,  much  air  ; not  according  to  the  man- 


DEEP  BREATHING. 


25 


ner  described  in  physiological  books,  which,  in  the  words 
of  Dr.  Neumann,  is  very  difficult  to  perform,  and  re- 
quires great  and  repeated  efforts,  and  which  only  expands 
the  sides  of  the  lungs,  leaving  the  lower  parts  unfilled,  so 
that  on  taking  a powerful  inspiration  a painful  pressure 
is  experienced ; not  in  this  manner,  which  would  be  im- 
possible for  our  invalids,  and  practicable  only  for  very 
powerful  men,  but  in  a way  better  adapted  to  our  fine, 
delicate  constitutions — a manner  of  breathing  that  shall 
expand  the  lungs  and  chest  more  in  their  length  than  in 
their  breadth,  and  which  shall  be  easy  and  unfatiguing. 
Upon  this  basis  lung-gymnastics,  recommended  so  long 
in  vain,  will  receive  due  recognition,  and  through  them 
will  be  opened  a fountain  of  health  for  humanity ; a 
fountain  always  with  us — one  which  scientists  have  known 
and  recommended  for  centuries,  but  yet  have  failed  to 
discover  the  easiest  and  most  practical  way  to  draw  there- 
from. 

Just  because  it  is  so  simple  must  a simple  woman  dis- 
close the  secret  from  the  ruins  of  a life  replete  with  bitter 
experiences  ! Yes,  in  the  true  sense  of  the  word  deep 
breathing  is  simple — in  proportion  far  simpler  than  the 
mentioned  rib-breathing  is  complicated,  difficult  and 
tiresome.  It  is  found  as  an  instinctive  natural  move- 
ment in  new-born  infants.  Valentin  reports  this  as  a 
very  significant  discovery  of  Drs.  Beau  and  Maissat. 
Other  physiologists  have  observed  it  in  children  up  to  the 
fourth  and  fifth  year,  while  Dr.  Kerbert  has  found  it  re- 
cently in  children  eight  years  old. 

The  belief  seems  to  be  that  abdominal  breathing  in  its 
full  normal  condition  does  not  exist  in  more  advanced  age, 
for  in  medical  works  it  is  given  as  the  result  of  coughing, 
sneezing,  attacks  of  asthma,  etc.  Later/’  says  Valen- 
tin’s Human  Physiology,”  man  breathes  with  the 
2 


26 


DEEP  BREATHING. 


lower,  woman  with  the  upper  ribs/^  This  may  be  so, 
unfortunately,  but  certainly  not  because  nature  wishes  it. 
No,  but  because  we,  in  consequence  of  false  education, 
begun  in  childhood  and  which  extends  its  baneful  in- 
fluence all  through  life,  check  the  activity  of  the  respira- 
tory muscles  and  thereby  favor  whatever  predisposition  to 
pulmonary  disease  there  may  be,  particularly  lung-tuber- 
cles (too  short  inspirations  and  retentions  of  air). 

Girls,  especially,  are  apt  to  restrict  prematurely,  I may 
almost  say  willfully,  free  bodily  movements.  Lacing, 
much  sitting  and  hard  study  in  school,  fancy  work  at 
home, — all  these  tend  to  prevent  free,  deep  breathing. 
The  muscles  lose  their  activity  while  we  develop  our  chil- 
dren into  art-products. 

What  wonder,  then,  that  physiologists  find  no  other 
mode  of  breathing  than  that  which  expands  the  upper 
ribs  in  woman  and  the  lower  ribs  in  man,  when  this  is  the 
only  movement  possible,  because  these  are  the  only  mus- 
cles that  hitherto  have  been  called  into  play  in  respiration. 
Neither  is  it  surprising  that  the  patient,  at  the  request  of 
the  doctor  to  breathe  deep,  usually  breathes  only  high  or 
attempts  to  enlarge  his  chest  in  an  abnormal  manner. 

What  wonder,  then,  that  I,  during  the  many  years  I 
wrestled  with  this  vital  question,  met  only  three  physiol- 
ogists who  employed  deep  breathing,  and  who  considered 
it  so  simple  and  natural  that  they  gazed  at  me  in  astonish- 
ment when  I named  many  of  their  colleagues  who  were 
not  so  well  informed  in  this  respect,  who  were  able  to 
employ  only  voluntary  costal  breathing  as  described  by 
Valentin,  who  thankfully  received  instruction  from  me 
in  deep  breathing,  and  promised  to  teach  it  to  other  phy- 
sicians, to  their  patients  and  scholars. 

Doubtless  a great  many  physicians  are  like  Dr.  Nie- 
meyer.  They  not  only  will  admit  that  deep  breathing  is 


DEEP  BREATHma. 


27 


the  right  and  natural  method  for  every  person,  but  also 
will  suppose  that  every  one  can  employ  it  as  easily  as  them- 
selves. But  this  is  an  entirely  wrong  conclusion.  I have 
met  many  persons,  particularly  those  advanced  in  years, 
who  breathed  deep  instinctively,  but  who  could  not  do  it 
voluntarily  before  they  were  taught.  Among  such  was 
a physician  of  forty-five  years’  practice,  who  did  not 
breathe  deep,  and  who  believed  that  he  could  not  on  ac- 
count of  pleurisy.  His  surprise  was  great  when  he,  after 
short  instruction,  could  take  twenty  to  thirty  long  con- 
secutive inspirations  without  discomfort.  It  is  indeed 
a new  system,”  he  exclaimed. 

What  wonder ! 

If  our  contemporary  physiologists  had  read  of  a method 
of  voluntary,  full  respiration  other  than  Valentin’s  labo- 
rious expansion  of  the  ribs  (which  they  could  suppose  pos- 
sible only  for  vigorous  persons),  if  they  had  known  and 
practiced  voluntary,  active  deep  breathing,  they  never 
would  have  withheld  it  from  suffering  humanity ; they 
never  would  have  allowed  the  present  generation,  blessed 
with  so  much  knowledge  and  so  proud  of  its  intellectual 
development,  to  remain  ignorant  of  and  unable  to  use  at 
will  the  most  important  natural  function  in  the  human 
body.  They  would  have  spared  the  people  of  the  present 
day,  with  all  their  attainments,  the  necessity  of  learning 
the  ridiculous,  if  it  were  not  so  melancholy  a fact,  that  a 
large  part  of  their  power  had  been  unutilized  in  consequence 
of  a sin  of  omission  committed  through  ignorance.  Deep 
breathing  and  retention  of  air  would  long  ago  have  been 
introduced  in  all  schools  as  an  obligatory  daily  practice ; 
lung-gymnastics  would  be  known  not  only  in  name  but  in 
deed,  by  their  beneficial  effects ; and  attempts  to  show  the 
necessity  of  respiratory  exercises  would  not  prove  fruitless 
with  so  large  a number  of  medical  men.  Thousands  of 


28 


DEEP  BREATHING. 


invalids,  especially  consumptives,  to  whom  long  inspira- 
tions of  good  air  were  prescribed  as  the  first  remedy, 
would  not  torture  themselves  with  straining  movements 
of  their  respiratory  organs,  already  suffering,  and  finally 
stop  trying  in  the  belief  that  they  could  not  breathe  deep 
any  more,  that  they  were  too  weak,  too  sick,  and  that 
their  lungs  would  no  longer  endure  it. 

This  is  an  error,  a general,  predominating,  ruinous 
error. 

There  is  no  easier,  healthier  and  more  quieting  move- 
ment for  the  human  body  to  make  than  that  required  for 
deep  breathing.  I have  taught  it  to  children  ten  years 
old,  and  to  persons  seventy  or  eighty  years  of  age,  to  sick 
and  well,  to  those  afflicted  with  heart  or  lung-disease, 
even  to  those  in  the  last  stages  of  consumption, — and  all 
have  invariably  expressed  delight  and  satisfaction  at  this 
simple  and  salutary  exercise  which,  when  rightly  learned, 
can  be  practiced  ten,  twenty  or  fifty  times  without  injur- 
ing or  fatiguing  the  chest.  The  invalid  confined  to  chair 
or  bed,  as  well  as  a person  in  good  health,  can  breathe 
deep  hundreds  of  times  a day,  thereby  greatly  invigorat- 
ing his  entire  body. 

I now  proceed  to  show  how  natural  deep  breathing  can 
be  learned,  illustrating  by  means  of  cuts.  In  doing  this 
I follow  the  example  of  Dr.  Eenzone,  of  Naples,  who,  in 
1879,  published  a work  entitled,  Manuale  di  Fisiologia 
Umana,  Figures  I.  and  II.  are  taken  from  this  book. 
They  represent  the  type  of  voluntary  inhalation  hereto- 
fore known  in  physiology,  and  which,  as  has  been  taught, 
is  different  in  men  and  women. 

Figures  III.  and  IV.  illustrate  the  mode  of  deep  inhala- 
tion discovered  by  me,  which  is  the  same  for  both  sexes, 
and  which  only  in  sudden  forcing  of  the  air  into  the 
upper  parts  of  the  lungs,  or  in  very  powerful  exhalation. 


DEEP  BREATHING.  29 

causes  an  expansion  of  the  thorax,  as  indicated  by  figures 
V.  and  VI. 

To  learn  deep  breathing,  be  as  passive  as  possible ; that 
is,  assume  a position  in  which  all  the  voluntary  motor 


Figs.  I.,  II.  Voluntary  rib-breathing. 


muscles  are  inactive.  Lie  flat  on  the  back,  perfectly 
horizontal,  without  even  an  elevation  of  the  head. 

Shut  the  mouth  and  draw  the  air  in  through  the 
channel  provided  by  nature — the  nose. 

As  a result  of  bad  habits,  most  persons  will  raise  the 


30 


DEEP  BBEATHING. 


Tipper  ribs,  yet  this  expansion  will  soon  yield  to  a move- 
ment of  the  lower  ribs,  and  this  again  will  gradually 
cease  by  continued  practice,  as  will  also  every  distention 
of  the  ribs.  All  these  faulty  movements  will  be  super- 


Fiqs,  III.,  IV.  Voluntary  deep  inhalation. 


seded  by  a bulging  out  pf  the  abdomen,  whose  outward 
swelling  will  be  proportioned  to  the  amount  of  air  inhaled 
(Figs.  III?,  ly.),  In  forcible  exhalation  the  abdomen 
is  drawn  in  and  the  chest  is  pushed  out,  as  shown  in 
Figures  V.  and  VI, 


DEEP  BREATHING. 


31 


This  rising  and  sinking  of  the  abdomen  as  an  involun- 
tary manifestation  of  quiet  breathing  (in  sleep,  for  in- 
stance), and  the  effect  of  coughing  and  sneezing,  are 
known  to  physiologists,  who  will  easily  understand  that 
these  movements  can  be  made  voluntary  without  fatigu- 
ing the  chest,  for  in  deep  inhalation  the  diaphragm  alone 
seems  to  be  active,  and  in  forcible  displacement  of  the 
air  toward  the  middle  and  upper  parts  of  the  breast,  or 
in  exhalation,  our  principal  expiratory  muscles — the 
abdominal, — with  the  greatest  consideration  for  the  many 
and  weaker  respiratory  muscles  of  the  thorax,  do  nearly 
all  the  work ! 

The  importance  of  the  abdominal  muscles,  their  co- 
operation in  ordinary  respiration,  has  been  recognized  by 
Haller,  who  calls  attention  to  the  fact  that  they  not  only 
work  upon  the  ribs,  but  also  promote  expiration,  by 
pressing  the  viscera  against  the  diaphragm.  Although 
no  one  has  clearly  mentioned  their  voluntary  participation 
in  inhalation,  yet  I feel  confident  in  asserting  that,  with- 
out the  voluntary  expansion  or  relaxation  of  the  abdom- 
inal muscles,  a deep  inhalation  is  impossible,  as  is 
likewise  a powerful  exhalation  without  their  voluntary 
contraction.  It  may,  therefore,  be  concluded  that  in  the 
voluntary,  alternate  expansion  and  contraction  of  the 
abdomen  is  the  key  to  understanding  and  carrying  out 
deep  breathing,  which  alone  furnishes  the  basis  for  a 
correct  system  of  lung-gymnastics. 

Is  it  necessary  to  add  that  deep  abdominal  breathing 
produces  an  effect  entirely  different  from  that  of  rib- 
breathing ; that  in  the  deepest  possible  breathing  the 
chest  is  lengthened  down\yard,  without  a sideward  ex- 
pansion of  the  ribs  ; that  in  strong  exhalation  and  in 
changing  the  air  to,  or  holding  it  in,  the  upper  chest,  it 
(chest)  is  enlarged,  thereby  artificially  increasing  the  size 


32 


DEEP  BREATHING. 


of  the  thorax,  but  without  the  deleterious  consequences 
ascribed  by  Dr.  Neumann  to  rib-breathing  ? 

Men  and  children  have  no  trouble  in  learning  deep 
breathing,  which  is  also  soon  mastered  by  women,  if  they 
have  not  sinned  too  grievously  against  the  laws  of  their 
being.  Such  women,  however,  married  or  single,  as  are 
victims  to  false  training  and  senseless  custom,  will  require 
more  time  and  effort  to  restore  their  respiratory  function 
to  its  normal  condition.  Still,  in  a supine  position,  as 
already  described,  deep  breathing  is  easily  acquired,  and 
by  practice  it  can  soon  be  carried  out  in  any  posture  of 
the  body. 

What  else  is  this  but  the  natural  breathing  of  every 
person,  heretofore  neglected  or  unknown  because  of  our 
tendency,  whenever  we  attempt  something  natural,  to 
always  begin  with  the  artificial,  and  thus  are  led  off  and 
lose  sight  of  nature’s  laws  ? This  is  proved  by  the  fact 
that  for  many  centuries  only  the  enlargement  of  the 
thorax  was  described  and  advised,  and  by  the  truth  of 
the  assertion  that  the  attainment  of  the  highest  art 
is  simply  a return  to  nature,  in  the  realization  of 
which  many,  indeed,  may  be  called  but  only  few  are 
chosen. 

Such  a deplorable  state  of  the  art  of  song  and  of  res- 
piration will  cease  to  exist  whenever  the  secret — small, 
yet  of  the  greatest  importance — which  I now  reveal  is 
utilized  for  effecting  a return  to  the  natural,  upon  which 
all  true  art  must  be  based. 

The  height  of  the  art  of  breathing — which  is  also 
conducive  to  the  best  physical  health  —may  be  attained 
by  holding  the  air  a long  time,  by  pressing  it  from  the 
lower  to  the  middle  and  to  the  upper  part  of  the  breast, 
and  vice  versa  ; by  practicing  until  the  lungs  are  strength- 
ened and  a pointed  or  high  breath  {^Spitz  oder  Hochath- 


DEEP  BREATHim. 


33 


men)  is  as  easy  as  costal  and  abdominal  breathing,  and 
until  ten  as  well  as  twenty  complete  respirations  may  be 
taken  per  minute  without  the  slightest  fatigue  to  the 
chest. 

Invalids,  especially  consumptives,  should  not  attempt 
this  perfection  in  the  art  of  breathing.  To  derive  ben- 
efit from  it  they  should  be  content  with  gentle  flowing 
in  and  out  of  the  air,  alternating  with  short  retentions 
of  the  breath. 

By  no  means  join  deep  breathing  loith  other  bodily 
movements.  Dr.  Neumann  says  that  the  motor  mus- 
cles are  antagonistic  to  those  of  inhalation  and  exhala- 
tion.^^ When  we,  as  in  walking,  contract  the  abdominal 
muscles  for  the  locomotion  of  the  whole  body,  we  should 
not  strive  to  force  them  into  the  relaxation  necessary  for 
deep  breathing. 

I advise  the  pupil  of  singing  to  always  breathe  through 
the  nose;  and,  during  the  hour  devoted  exclusively  to 
practice,  to  take  a sitting  or  even  a backward  reclining 
position.  This  is  the  secret  employed  by  the  Italian 
masters  to  develop  deep  breathing  in  their  pupils,  and  it 
is  certainly  most  effectual,  for  in  this  position  the  various 
muscles  which  can  impede  respiration  are  passive. 

The  Italian  school  of  singing  is  represented  (even  if 
sparingly)  in  Germany.  In  the  schools  of  Stockhausen, 
Dr.  Gunz,  Cav.  Lamperti  and  others,  there  are  unmis- 
takable traces  of  a thorough  method  of  deep  breathing,  as 
evidenced  in  Patti,  Trebelli,  Nilsson,  Alboni,  Cruvelli, 
Faure,  etc.  Emil  Briide,  actor  at  the  Eoyal  Theatre  and 
teacher  of  dramatic  art  in  the  Conservatory,  Dresden, 
does  his  utmost  to  develop  deep  breathing  in  his  pupils 
and  spare  them  from  the  terrible  gasping  breaths  which 
characterize  so  many  talented  actors  and  singers,  who  by 
straining  their  shoulders  and  involving  their  arms  in 
2* 


34 


DEEP  BREATEma. 


their  respiratory  struggles,  not  seldom  awaken  more  pity 
than  admiration  in  the  astonished  audience. 

That  these  melancholy  manifestations  may  disappear 


Figs.  V.,  VI.  Powerful,  voluntary  deep  exhalation. 

through  the  knowledge,  the  spread  and  the  proper  esti- 
mation of  deep  breathing,  is  my  earnest  wish.  I warmly 
recommend  respiratory  gymnastics,  by  themselves  and 
without  tone,  to  singers  and  actors. 

An  excellent  way  to  apply  deep  breathing -to  singing, 
reading  and  speaking  is  to  first  breathe  in  with  closed 


DEEP  BREATHim.  35 

mouth  and  then  pronounce  repeatedly  a few  syllables 
loudly,  as, — 

(1)  all,  bah,  kah,  dah, 

(2)  fay,  gay,  hay,  he, 

(3)  ye,  ke,  le,  me,  ne,  etc.,  etc. 

By  paying  close  attention  to  the  articulation  of  the 
consonants  and  to  placing  the  syllables  in  front,  i,e,y  on 
the  lips,  a double  purpose  will  be  served.  These  exer- 
cises should  first  be  practiced  while  lying  flat  on  the  back, 
subsequently  while  standing,  sitting,  and,  in  fact,  in 
crooked  and  bent  attitudes.  By  pursuing  this  course 
deep  inhalation  and  exhalation  will  soon  become  an  es- 
tablished habit ; the  voice  will  have  a true  air-column  to 
rest  upon  and  will  gain  a vibratory  power  never  before 
possessed. 

We  must  have  artists  and  we  must  pay  artists.  Un- 
fetter art,  that  she  may  no  longer  grant  golden  wings  to 
only  a few  lucky  birds  ! By  producing  a greater  number 
of  good  artists,  is  the  only  way  to  accomplish  this. 

In  confirmation  of  what  has  been  said  in  regard  to  the 
influence  of  deep  breathing  upon  combating  and  curing 
consumption,  I refer  to  the  works  already  mentioned, 
and  to  the  writings  of  other  scientists.  I should  like  to 
close  this  treatise  by  adding  the  entire  book  of  Dr.  Fr. 
Bicking,  entitled  ‘^Eespiratory  Gymnastics  for  the  Cure 
of  Various  Diseases,  Especially  Consumption,^’  which  is  a 
most  interesting,  valuable  and  learned  work;  but,  un- 
fortunately, I can  only  refer  the  reader  to  it,  as  a melan- 
choly verification  of  my  statement,  that  only  in  the  recog- 
nition, the  learning  and  the  daily  practice  of  deep  breath- 
ing in  schools,  hospitals,  etc.,  will  teachers  and  physicians 
have  the  means  to  free  humanity  from  the  evils  of  in- 
dolence, vanity  and  bad  habits. 


36 


DEEP  BREATHING. 


I agree  with.  Zoe  von  Eeuss,  who  says  : — A powerful 
and  reliable  element  would  thereby  be  introduced  in  edu- 
cation which  would  compel  a due  realization  of  the  neces- 
sity of  constant  intercourse  with  nature,  in  a continual 
and  copious  replenishing  of  air,  which  is  the  true  vitalizer 
of  the  blood.  A person  thus  trained  would  not  be  able 
to  dispense  with  the  comfort  and  satisfaction  afforded 
by  deep  breathing.” 

This  element  would  likewise  induce  women  of  tight- 
lacing  propensities  to  ventilate  their  lungs  well,  at  least 
a few  times  every  day — as  Dr.  Niemeyer  repeatedly  recom- 
mends ; while  it  would  teach  all  to  know  and  prize  the 
best  gift  of  nature  and  to  enjoy  it  out  of  a full  Ireast. 

That  it  is  really  not  the  fault  of  physicians  that  we 
have  not  and  do  not  avail  ourselves  of  the  benefits  of 
deep  breathing,  is  shown  by  the  works  already  referred  to. 
From  1872,  Dr.  Bicking  has  told  us  that  respiratory 
gymnastics  are  the  only  effectual  remedy  for  pulmonary 
affections,  and  especially  for  that  terrible,  most  frequent 
and  devastating  one — consumption.  Dr.  Niemeyer,  of 
Leipzig,  Dr.  Stein,  of  Frankfort,  Dr.  Dornbliith,  of 
Kostock — and  who  knows  how  many  more  ? — repeated 
the  same  conviction  several  years  afterward ; but,  in 
spite  of  all,  breathing  exercises  remain  unknown,  save  by 
name,  to  this  day;  they  have  been  introduced  in  no 
school,  are  taught  by  scarcely  any  one,  are  practiced  by 
few,  and,  as  centuries  ago,  are  praised  sky-high  in  theory, 
while  in  practice  they  are  withheld  from  men  on  earth. 

Let  us  close  these  unpleasant  refiections  by  quoting 
the  celebrated  words  of  a pious  and  learned  Pope,  non 
andra  sempre  cost,  in  the  sincere  wish, — May  it  not  al- 
ways le  so  ! 

The  work  of  Dr.  Kenzone,  already  referred  to,  leads  us 
to  hope  for  the  dawning  of  a better  era.  This  is  the  only 


DEEP  BREATHma. 


37 


book  I know  of  that  gives  a complete  description  of  a deep 
exhalation  in  which  the  ribs  remain  perfectly  motionless. 

The  question  arises,  if  any  book  other  than  mine  gives 
a mode  of  complete  respiration  in  which  the  ribs  remain 
perfectly  motionless.  It  may  be,  but  I am  not  acquainted 
with  such  a work.  Whatever  may  be  the  fact,  my  earnest 
and  unceasing  prayer  is,  that  out  of  pity  for  the  many 
invalids,  out  of  love  to  all  humanity,  yes  out  of  love  for 
the  beautiful  and  salutary  art  of  song,  every  person  may 
learn  and  practice 


DEEP  BREATHING. 


APPENDIX  L 


INTEEESTING  FACTS  COKCEENING  THE  AIK — VENTILA- 
TION, DKAUGHTS,  ETC. 

The  atmosphere  is  composed  of  oxygen  and  nitrogen 
in  the  following  proportion  (by  weight): 

Oxygen,  20.96  parts  in  100. 

Nitrogen,  79.04 

By  measure. 

Oxygen,  23  parts. 

Nitrogen,  74 

There  exists  also  from  one-third  to  one-half  of  one 
per  cent,  of  carbonic  acid,  a trace  of  ammonia,  and  the 
spectroscope  reveals  a little  chloride  of  sodium.  The 
amount  of  this  latter  is  so  small  the  chemist  cannot 
detect  it.  A quantity  of  ozone  is  present,  in  varying 
amounts  according  to  the  location  and  time  of  day. 

The  oxygen  serves  as  a food  for  men  and  animals. 
The  carbonic  acid,  ammonia,  and  nitrogen  serve  as  food 
for  plants. 

The  ozone  is  one  of  the  disinfectants  or  purifiers  of 
the  air. 

The  chloride  of  sodium  probably  serves  as  a tonic  for 
man,  and  also  as  a food  for  plants.  There  is  most  of  it 
in  the  air  near  the  sea-shore. 

There  is  a varying  amount  of  moisture,  which  is  req- 
uisite to  both  the  animal  and  vegetable  world. 


39 


40 


APPENDIX  L 


We  need  air  constantly,  both  to  nourish  us  and  to  keep 
us  cool. 

Every  breath  we  inhale  carries  into  the  body  a certain 
amount  of  oxygen. 

Every  breath  we  exhale  carries  off  a certain  amount  of 
animal  heat,  carbonic  acid,  vapor,  and  traces  of  other 
substances. 

Every  adult  requires  daily  about  360  cubic  feet  of  pure 
fresh  air. 

This  equals  2,000  gallons  for  one  day,  and  730,000  gal- 
lons for  one  year. 

The  2,000  gallons  of  air  required  daily  weigh  25 
pounds. 

A human  being,  then,  requires  by  weight  three  times 
as  much  air  as  he  does  of  food  and  drink  combined. 
About  eight  and  one-half  pounds  of  the  latter  are  con- 
sidered sufficient  daily  for  a hard-working  man. 

The  air  is  770  times  lighter  than  water  at  the  sea- 
level,  but  as  we  ascend  it  becomes  constantly  lighter. 

The  height  of  the  atmosphere  is  not  known.  Some 
have  estimated  it  to  be  forty-five  miles,  but  others  think 
it  not  less  than  two  hundred  miles  high. 

In  the  open  country,  in  the  forest,  and  by  the  sea-side, 
the  air  is  purest,  and  the  oxygen  and  ozone  most  abun- 
dant. 

The  vegetable  world  takes  up  the  carbonic  acid  of  the 
air  for  food  and  gives  back  oxygen — a process  exactly  the 
reverse  of  what  animals  do. 

In  the  crowded  parts  of  a city  there  is  less  oxygen 
than  in  ^ open  spaces.  A very  small  decrease  in  this  sub- 
stance in  the  air  seriously  affects  the  health.  A man 
would  die  at  once  in  an  air  containing  only  18  parts  of 
oxygen. 

The  weight  of  the  air  pressing  on  a human  being  of 


APPENDIX  L 41 

average  size  amoun*ts  to  about  14  tons,  or  15  pounds  to 
the  square  inch. 

There  are  tides  in  the  air  like  those  in  the  ocean,  and 
they  occur  with  the  same  regularity. 

The  impurities  of  the  air  are  numerous,  but  we  do  not 
call  the  small  amounts  of  carbonic  acid,  ammonia,  and 
other  substances  which  exist  in  the  open  air,  impurities. 
It  is  only  when  they  are  present  to  an  extent  injurious 
to  health  that  they  become  so. 

The  impurities  of  the  air  are  of  two  kinds — gaseous 
and  solid. 

The  gaseous  impurities  are  carbonic  acid,  carbonic 
oxide,  ammonia,  and  such  other  substances  as  result  from 
animal  and  vegetable  decay.  There  also  arises  from  fac- 
tories filthy  soil  and  water,  and  other  poisonous  gases 
too  numerous  to  mention. 

The  solid,  impurities  are  smoke,  dust,  dirt,  the  pollen 
of  flowers,  minute  particles  of  wood,  cotton,  silk,  epithe- 
lial scales  from  the  body,  tobacco  fumes,  particles  of 
minerals  arising  from  copper,  steel,  iron  in  factories, 
smut  from  diseased  plants,  pus  corpuscles  from  wounds, 
and  various  other  substances. 

The  germs  of  disease  or  bacteria  are  also  solid  impu- 
rities of  an  organized  vegetable  nature,  so  minute  they 
cannot  be  seen.  . These  produce  small-pox,  diphtheria, 
measles,  whooping-cough,  malarial  fevers,  etc.  There 
are  also  bacteria  which  are  harmless,  as  well  as  dan- 
gerous ones. 

We  measure  the  gaseous  impurities  of  the  air  by  the 
amount  of  carbonic  acid  it  contains.  If  there  is  much 
of  this,  other  gases  are  also  generally  present,  and  vice 
versa, 

Nature’s  method  of  purifying  the  air  is  by  rain,  wind, 
sunshine  ; by  plants  taking  up  the  carbonic  acid  and  re- 


42 


APPENDIX  L 


turning  oxygen,  and  by  the  formation  of  ozone,  which 
has  the  power  of  burning  up  or  decomposing  some  of  its 
dangerous  elements. 

Certain  trees  and  plants  give  off  volatile  odors  and 
vapors,  which  help  to  purify  the  air  and  render  it  both 
fragrant  and  wholesome.  The  pine-tree  exhalations  are 
conspicuous  examples. 

Ventilation  is  the  art  of  removing  from  our  dwellings 
the  products  of  respiration,  cutaneous  exhalation,  the 
combustion  of  fires  and  lights,  and  the  effluvia  from  the 
sick-room,  the  vapors  from  the  kitchen,  etc.,  by  a stream 
of  pure  air. 

The  amount  of  air  required  to  ventilate  a room  depends 
on  its  size,  the  number  of  persons  in  it,  and  the  standard 
of  purity  we  wish  to  maintain. 

There  are  two  standards  of  purity  for  house  air.  One 
is  the  English  standard,  which  requires  that  the  carbonic 
acid  in  it  shall  not  be  more  than  0.6  parts  in  1,000  of 
air.  The  other  standard  is  that  set  up  by  Pettenkoffer, 
the  German  hygienist,  which  allows  1 part  of  carbonic 
acid  to  1,000  of  air.  Out-door  air  has  0.3  or  0.4  parts 
per  thousand. 

To  maintain  the  English  standard  of  purity  requires 
not  far  from  3,000  cubic  feet  of  fresh  air  per  hour 
to  each  individual.  To  maintain  the  German  stand- 
ard requires  2,100  cubic  feet  for  each  occupant  per 
hour. 

To  get  so  much  fresh  air  into  a room  without  a draught 
is  easy  enough ^where  only  a few  persons  are  present.  It 
often  becomes  a serious  matter  where  a large  number  are 
congregated  in  a small  space. 

Draughts  are  believed  to  be  dangerous.  We  can  en- 
dure a million  gallons  of  air  hourly  during  a high  wind  if 
it  is  not  too  cold,  and  we  are  out  of  doors  at  work  ; but 


APPENDIX  L 


43 


the  strongest  man  cannot  endure  1,000  gallons  an  hour 
of  cold  air  blowing  on  him  when  sitting  still.  When  we 
are  quiet  we  want  the  air  quiet,  too. 

A draught  is  a current  of  air  moying  at  a rate  percep- 
tible to  our  senses,  and  blown  only  on  one  part  of  the 
body.  At  a temperature  of  60  degrees,  when  the  air 
moves  at  the  rate  of  feet  per  second,  it  is  not  per- 
ceived by  the  most  delicate  person.  At  2 feet  per  sec- 
ond, a few  sensitive  ones  notice  it.  At  3 feet  per  second, 
the  movement  is  barely  perceptible  by  almost  all,  and  at 
3 J feet  by  all.  If  the  air  is  colder  than  60  degrees,  a slower 
movement  is  felt. 

The  secret,  then,  of  good  ventilation,  is  to  supply  3,000 
feet  of  pure  air  per  hour  to  each  individual.  The  sick 
need  more  than  this.  In  the  best  hospitals  6,000  feet  are 
allowed,  and  even  this  has  been  found  insufficient.  The 
nearer  the  air  is  to  the  pure  out-door  air  for  the  sick,  the 
more  rapidly  will  they  recover. 

In  mines  it  has  been  found  that  the  workmen  do  more 
labor  when  7,000  feet  of  fresh  air  are  supplied  to  them 
hourly.  If  less  than  6,000  are  allowed,  they  become  lan- 
guid and  incapable  of  great  exertion.  The  same  is  true 
in  factories,  and  it  is  bad  economy  to  supply  less. 

Air  once  inhaled  is  unfit  to  be  breathed  again  until 
subjected  to  the  purifying  infiuences  of  nature. 

Our  senses  should  be  kept  in  such  a healthy  condition 
that  they  will  instantly  detect  impure  air,  and  thus  warn 
us  of  the  danger  we  are  in. 

It  requires  only  a few  minutes  for  five  hundred  people 
in  a church,  lecture-room,  school,  theatre,  or  other  places 
where  they  may  be  congregated,  to  render  the  air  therein 
unfit  for  the  purposes  of  respiration. 

Our  methods  of  dress  interfere  with  the  deep  inhala- 
tion of  air,  and  thus  diminish  our  life  force.  A tightly 


44 


APPENDIX  L 


fitting  dress  diminishes  the  amount  of  air  inspired  about 
one-third. 

A man  expires  daily  about  16  cubic  feet  of  carbonic 
acid. 

Two  sperm  candles  give  off  the  same  amount. 

A good  lamp  gives  off  a cubic  foot  of  carbonic  acid 
gas  in  two  hours,  or  nearly  as  much  as  a man. 

In  a crowded  theatre,  with  two  or  three  thousand  peo- 
ple and  several  hundred  gas-burners,  the  air  becomes 
frightfully  bad,  and  may  contain  three  or  four  times  as 
much  carbonic  acid  in  it,  besides  the  exhalations  of  the 
skin,  as  is  compatible  with  health.  The  injury  done  to 
the  persons  who  inhale  this  vile  mixture  is  very  great, 
and  sometimes  indirectly  results  in  death. 

When  we  are  out  of  doors,  and  the  wind  is  blowing  at 
the  rate  of  7 miles  per  hour,  not  far  from  324,000  cubic 
feet  of  air  fiow  over  us  hourly. 

Children  are  greatly  injured  by  being  brought  up  in- 
doors and  in  bad  air.  They  lose  their  appetites,  do  not 
grow  so  large  and  strong,  and  never  make  healthy  men 
and  women. 

It  is  a great  misfortune  to  be  obliged  to  spend  most  of 
our  time  within  the  house,  where  the  air  cannot  be  kept 
absolutely  pure. 

The  most  important  prescription  for  the  cure  of  or- 
dinary nervousness  is  an  ample  supply  of  pure,  fresh  and 
cool  air.  The  nerves  will  always  be  weak  if  the  greater 
part  of  the  day  and  night  be  passed  in  close,  ill-ventilated 
and  over-heated  apartments.  The  nerves,  to  be  properly 
nourished,  require  a full  supply  of  oxygen.  They  will 
not  endure  vitiated  air,  whether  the  impurities  come  from 
sewers,  gaslights,  subterranean  furnaces,  or  the  individ- 
ual’s own  person,  without  making  an  energetic  protest. 
A gas-burner  consuming  four  cubic  feet  an  hour  produces 


APPENDIX  L 


45 


more  carbonic  acid  in  a given  time  than  is  evolved  from 
the  respiration  of  eight  human  beings.  Bear  this  in 
mind,  you  who  suffer  from  nervousness,  that  when  you 
have  shut  yourselves  up  in  your  rooms  and  lighted  an 
argand  burner,  you  are  to  all  intents  and  purposes  im- 
mured with  twenty-three  other  persons,  all  taking  oxygen 
from  the  atmosphere.  Is  it  a wonder  that  after  several 
hours’  exposure  to  the  depraved  air  your  nerves  rebel,  as 
far  as  their  weak  state  permits,  and  that  your  head  aches, 
your  hand  trembles,  and  that  your  daughter’s  playing  on 
the  piano  almost  drives  you  wild  ? 

Many  object  to  sitting  near  a wall  because  they  say 
there  is  a draught  there  ; but  generally  it  is  only  a one- 
sided radiation  of  the  heat  of  the  body  toward  the  cold 
wall.  We  should  be  able  to  distinguish  between  a 
draught  and  radiation. 

A draught  is  injurious,  because  it  causes  a perturba- 
tion of  the  heat  economy  of  the  body,  but  chiefly  be- 
cause it  disorders  the  action  of  those  nerves  which  exist 
in  the  form  of  a net- work  around  the  blood-vessels,  and 
which  regulate  their  diameter,  and  consequently  the  flow 
of  blood  and  the  regulation  of  the  heat  of  the  body  are 
changed  from  normal  to  abnormal,  and  a cold  results. 

In  our  public  schools  the  allowance  of  fresh  air  per  hour 
for  each  pupil  in  winter  ranges  from  400  to  1,000  cubic 
feet  per  hour.  It  ought  to  be  3,000  feet  per  hour. 

Children  deprived  of  a full  supply  of  air  at  school  soon 
become  uneasy,  restless,  and  cease  to  learn.  Their  power 
of  attention  becomes  weakened,  their  memory  is  debilitated. 
They  cannot  remember  their  lessons,  and  make  no  progress. 
Give  them  pure  air,  and  all  is  changed.  Study  becomes  a 
delight,  and  the  attainment  of  knowledge  is  very  rapid. 
A child  will  learn  more  in  one  hour  in  a pure  air  than  in 
six  in  an  impure  one.  Every  thirty  minutes  during  cold 


46 


APPENDIX  L 


weather  a school-room  should  be  thrown  open,  and  the 
out-of-door  air  allowed  to  sweep  through  it  for  at  least 
fiye  minutes.  During  this  time  the  pupils  may  practice 
light  gymnastic  exercises  or  sing  songs — the  draught  will 
do  them  no  harm  when  they  are  exercising  vigorously. 

Mothers,  who  are  the  queens  of  our  homes,  should  master 
the  subject  of  air  and  ventilation,  and  put  all  their  acquire- 
ments into  practical  use.  They  should  read  every  new 
health  book  that  appears  before  they  touch  a new  novel, 
cookery  book  or  fashion  journal. 

Washington  Irving  once  said,  I am  convinced  that  he 
who  devotes  two  hours  each  day  to  vigorous  exercises  out 
of  doors  in  the  pure  air,  breathing  in  deep  copious 
draughts  of  it  with  every  breath,  will  eventually  gain  those 
two  hours,  and  a couple  more  into  the  bargain.” 

A few  dollars  spent  for  books,  and  a few  hours  of  care- 
ful reading,  would  educate  every  man,  woman  and  child 
as  to  the  use  and  value  of  fresh  air,  the  need  of  ventila- 
tion and  the  best  method  of  accomplishing  it.  It  would 
prove  a most  profitable  investment. 


APPENDIX  II. 


CLASS  12^  LUKG  GYMl^ASTICS. 

Allow  me  to  express  the  great  pleasure  the  article 
on  ^ Deep  Breathing  as  a Means  of  Health  ^ gave  us,  and 
also  allow  me  to  explain  that  on  the  27th  day  of  last 
October  assembled  what  we  styled  our  ^ Breathing  Class/ 
at  the  Hygiene  Home,  for  the  first  time.  We  shall 
(since  reading  ^ Deep  Breathing  ’)  style  ourselves  ^ Class 
in  Lung  Gymnastics.^  Please  imagine  us,  then,  out  on 
the  sunny  side  of  our  porch,  enveloped  in  warm  wraps, 
with  soapstones  at  our  feet,  lying  upon  stretchers,  inhal- 
ing the  life-giving  oxygen  for  hours  each  day  since  the 
above  date,  thus  purifying  our  blood  with  the  greatest 
blood  purifier — oxygen  ! 

It  is  true,  we  have  had  a very  few  rainy  and  snowy 
days,  but  the  porch  is  broad,  and  not  a morning  dawned 
but  that  at  least  a single  row  of  stretchers  has  been 
placed  close  up  to  the  building,  and  at  the  ringing  of  the 
bell  occupants  have  appeared  promptly,  and  for  hours 
practised  lung  gymnastics,  alternating  with  short  naps, 
quiet  rest,  pleasant  conversations,  and  sometimes  listen- 
ing to  readings ; and  I am  assured  the  physical  gain  to 
our  patients  has  surpassed  my  most  sanguine  expecta- 
tions. I have  been  surprised  at  the  interest  they  have 
put  into  this  treatment,  not  more  than  at  their  rapid  re- 

47 


48 


APPENDIX  11. 


turn  to  health,  strength,  better  blood,  increased  depths 
of  chests,  and  restoration  of  displaced  viscera.  At  the 
beginning  I noted  down  measurements.  I rejoice  that  I 
did  so  ; otherwise  the  results  would  have  appeared  incred- 
ible. In  the  case  of  a young  lady,  one  of  our  most 
earnest  and  faithful  breathers,  a dress  which  she  wore 
with  entire  comfort  before  the  lung  gymnastics,  was,  on 
the  24th  of  December,  tried  on,  and  would  not  meet 
within  three  and  a half  inches,  and  upon  expansion  of 
the  lungs  to  their  fullest,  she  needed  six  inches  more 
dress.  We  all  knew  her  cheeks  had  grown  rosy,  her  eyes 
bright,  and  her  walking  powers  increased,  but  we  were 
not  prepared  for  the  realization  of  what  nature  could 
effect  for  one  who  obeys  implicitly  and  persistently  her 
benign  behests.  Hoping  others  may  be  induced  to  try 
lung  gymnastics,  I remain. 

Yours  for  the  good  of  humanity, 

Harriet  H.  H.  Larkik,  M.D.’^ 


The  Scientific  American  says:  “The  Herald  of  Health  contains 
more  sensible  articles  than  any  other  mag^azine  that  comes  to 
our  sanctum." 


Herald  of  Health 

F-or  1@S3. 

One  Dollar  Per  Year,  Ten  Cents  a Number.  November  and 
December  Numbers  Free  to  New  Subscribers  who  send  r 
their  names  at  once.  The  November  Num- 
ber contains  the  third  of  four 
articles  on 

Malarial  Diseases ; their  Nature,  Cause,  Prevention  and  Cure. 

ALSO, 

1.  Infants  Oyer-Handled.  4.  Health  of  Farmers’  Daughters. 

2.  Vaccination.  6.  Tired  and  Weak  Muscles. 

3.  WillMenObey  the  Rules  of  Health?  6.  Habits  of  Our  Merchants. 

Marriage  and  Parentage,  Treatment  for  Weak  Eyes,  Faith  Miracles, 
Over-Worked  Women,  Winter  Comfort,  How  a Woman  Sought  and  Found 
Strength,  Reasons  for  Small  Families,  Unhappiness  of  Good  Housekeepers, 
To  Preserve  the  Beauty  of  the  Eye,  Clean  Men,  etc.,  etc.,  etc. 

THE  DECEMBER  NO.  CONTAINS  : Cures  of  Malarial  Diseases.  How  I 
Got  Back  my  Health  (a  lady).  Deep  Breathing  to  Cure  Consumption.  The 
Purification  of  Air  in  Sick  Rooms.  When  to  Feed  the  Baby  Solid  Food. 
Standard  of  Purity  for  House  Air.  Nature  of  a Draught— and  moi’e  than  20 
other  papers. 

We  have  published  especially  for  a Premium  for  our  subscribers  for  1883 
an  entirely  new  book,  by  J.  MORTIMER  GRANVILLE,  one  of  the  wisest 
and  most  thoughtful  writers  in  England.  It  is  entitled, 

YOUTH;  Its  Care  and  Culture. 

The  following  titles  of  Chapters  will  give  you  a faint  idea  of  the  subjects 
treated,  but  it  is  impossible  to  convey  in  this  prospectus  more  tha^  a hint 
at  the  excellence  of  the  work,  whose  every  page  is  pregnant  with  wisdom : 

1.  Culture  and  Improvement.  6.  Boy  Manhood  in  Later  Years. 

2.  The  Eradication  of  Disease.  6.  Girl  Womanhood  in  its  Early  Stage, 

8.  The  Threshold  of  Life.  7.  Girl  Womanhood  in  its  Later  Tears. 

4.  Boy  Manhood  in  its  Early  Stage.  8.  Habits. 

To  this  has  been  added  a paper  by  that  charming  English  writer  Graci: 
Greenwood,  on  the  PHYSICAL  EDUCATION  OF  A GIRL,  and  a paper  on 
the  DRESS  OF  GIRLS  by  a Woman  Physician  of  great  distinction. 

The  book  is  beautifully  printed,  and  handsomely  bound  in  cloth.  Its 
retail  price  will  be  $1  per  copy.  Every  subscriber  to  the  HERALD  01’ 
HEALTH,  who  sends  30  cents  extra  at  the  time  of  remitting  for  1883,  will 
receive  the  work  by  mail  free. 

Club  Rates  with  Other  Journals, 

The  Herald  of  Health  and  The  Century  (Scribner’s),  34.50;  The  Herald 
of  Health  and  St.  Nicholas,  $3.50;  The  Herald  of  Health  and  Haraer’s 
Monthly,  Weekly,  or  Bazar,  $4.25;  with  Demorest’s  Monthly— $2— for  $2.50; 
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turist— $1.50— for  $2;  with  the  Boston  Journal  of  Chemistry— $1— for  $1.75. 
Add  30  cents  for  premium  in  all  cases. 

M.  L.  HOLBROOK,  13  and  15  Lai^ht  Street,  New  York. 


A CATALOGUE  OF  BOOKS 

PUBLISHED  AKD  FOR  SALE  BY 

M.  L.  HOLBROOK, 

Ho.  15  LAKHT  ST.,  H.  Y. 

Any  one  of  which  will  he  sent  by  mail,  post-paid,  on  receipt  of  the  p)rice. 

“Eating  for  Strength.” 

BY 

M-  L.  HOLBROOK,  M.  D, 

INCLUDING 

THE  SCIENCE  OF  EATING, 

500  Receipts  for  Wholesome  Cookery. 

100  Delicious  Drinks. 

1 00  Ever  recurring  questions  answered. 


^OTSCES  OF  THE  PRESS. 

“ The  book  is  for  the  most  part  uncommonly  apt,  coming  to  the  point  with* 
out  the  slightest  circumlocution.”— Ym  York  Tribune. 

“One  of  the  best  contributions  to  recent  hygienic  literature.” — Boston  Daily 
Advertiser. 

“ What  is  particularly  attractive  about  this  book  is  the  absence  of  all  hygienic 
bigotry.  ’ Christian  Register. 

“ One  man’s  mother  and  another  man’s  wife  send  me  word  that  these  are  the 
most  wholesome  and  practical  receipts  they  ever  saw.” — E.  B.  Branson. 

“ I am  delighted  with  it.” — H.  B.  Baker,  M.  D.,  Michigan  State  Board  oj 
Health. 

“The  part  devoted  to  innocuous  and  wholesome  beverages  deserves  warm 
commendation.  Just  such  information  as  it  contains,  widely  disseminated,  will 
pe  a real  aid  to  the  temperance  cause;  better  than  a thousand  overdrawn  pictures 
such  as  we  have  ad  nauseam.'^'' — Medical  and  Surgical  Reporter,  Philadelphia. 

“ It  would,  we  believe,  be  nearly  a cure  for  dyspepsia.”— Circular, 
Mew  York. 

“Its  author  is  so  immeasurably  in  advance  of  American  housekeepers  in 
general,  that  we  hope  he  may  be  widely  and  frequently  consulted.”— 

Hnion,  New  York. 


S1C1^TT  BY  MYIL  BOB  OISTEl 
Lady  Argents  Wanted. 

Hfl.  L.  HOLBROOK,  No.  13  and  15  Laight  Street,  N,  Y- 


^‘Get  tills  Ibook  and  read  it,  for  it  abounds  in  practicaly 
valuable  knowledge.” — Chicago  Inter- Ocean. 

Hygiene  of  the  Brain, 

AND  THE 

CURE  OF  NERVOUSNESS. 

BY  M.  L.  HOLBROOK,  M.D. 

X. 

Chapters: — 1.  The  Brain — 2.  The  Spinal  Cord — 3.  The  Cranial 
and  Spinal  Nerves — 4.  The  Sympathetic  Nervous  System — 5.  How 
the  Nerves  Act — 6.  Has  Nervous  Activity  any  Limit  ? — 7.  Nervous 
Exhaustion — 8.  How  to  Cure  Nervousness — 9.  The  Cure  of  Ner- 
vousness {^Continued) — 10.  Value  of  a Large  Supply  of  Food  in 
Nervous  Disorders — 11.  Fifty  Important  Questions  Answered — 
12.  What  our  Thinkers  and  Scientists  Say. 

XX- 

Contains  liCtterg  describinf?  the  Physical  and  Intellectual  Habits  of  the  follow' 
ing  Men  and  Women,  written  by  Themselves  for  this  Work: 

1.  O.  B.  Frothingham,  Physical  and  Intellectual  Habits  of— 

2.  Francis  W.  Newman,  Physical  and  Intellectual  Habits  of — 

3.  T.  L.  Nichols,  M.D.,  On  the  Physical  and  Intellectual  Habits 
of  Englishmen — 4.  Joseph  Rodes  Buchanan,  M.D.,  Interesting 
Suggestions  on  Mental  Health — 5.  Gerrit  Smith,  His  Physical 
and  Intellectual  Habits  (Written  by  his  Daughter) — 6.  Thomas 
Wentworth  Higginson,  His  Rules  for  Physical  and  Mental 
Health — 7.  Norton  S.  Townsend,  M.D.,  Mental  Hygiene  for 
Farmers — 8.  Edward  Baltzer,  Habits  of  the  German  Radical — 
9.  William  Lloyd  Garrison,  Interesting  Hints  from — 10.  A. 
Bronson  Alcott,  An  Interesting  Letter  from — 11.  S.  O.  Gleason, 
M.D.,  A Plea  for  Hunting  for  Over- worked  Brains — 12.  William 
E.  Dodge,  Suggestions  from — 13.  Henry  Hyde  Lee,  A Business 
Man's  Suggestions — 14.  Dio  Lewis,  M.D.,  His  Advice  to  his 
Namesake— '15.  Frederick  Beecher  Perkins,  Suggestions  for 
Brainworkers— 16.  Judge  Samuel  A.  Foot,  His  Habits  of  Study 
and  Work  (age  88) — 17.  Mark  Hopkins,  A few  Suggestions  to 
Students— 18.  William  Cullen  Bryant,  How  he  Conducted 
his  Physical  and  Intellectual  Life — 19.  William  Howitt,  The 
English  Poet,  and  his  Habits  from  Boyhood  to  Old  Age — 20.  Rev. 
John  Todd,  His  Workshop  as  a means  of  Recreation — 21.  Rev. 
Chas.  Cleveland,  How  he  Lived  to  nearly  100  Years — 22.  W,  A., 
M.D.,  How  to  Banish  Bad  Feelings  by  Force — 23.  Sarah  J.  Hale, 
A Letter  Written  when  She  was  90 — 24.  Horace  and  Mary 
Mann — Most  valuable  Hints  from — 25.  Julia  E.  Smith,  At  88, 
and  How  she  has  Lived— 26.  Mary  J.  Studley,  M.D.,  On  Ner- 
vousness in  Schoolgirls — 27.  Elizabeth  Oaks  Smith,  On  Head- 
aches—28.  Rebecca  B.  Gleason,  M.D.,  Her  Means  of  Resting 
the  Brain.  The  book  contains  nearly  300  pages,  and  sells  for  $1.50 

ADDRESS  ALL  ORDERS  TO 

M,  L.  HOLBROOK,  I 3 and  I 5 Laight  Street,  N.  Y. 


After  residing  this  Book  I eured  myself,  though 
several  Doctors  had  failed, 

T.  G.  CUETIS,  U.  S.  A. 


LIVER  COMPLAINT,  NERVOUS  DYSPEPSIA, 
AND  HEADACHE : 

THEIE  OAITSES,  PEEVENTION  AND  CURE. 

Is/L.  Xj.  XXOI-jIBrXOOK:,  1S/L.TD. 


CONTENTS. 

General  View  of  the  Liver — Functions  of  the  Liver — 
The  Bile  : Its  Qu-antity  and  Uses — Derangements  of  the 
Liver — Torpid  Livers — Eolation  of  the  Liver  to  the 
Kidneys — Diseases  caused,  by  Uric  Acid— Diseases  caused 
by  Deranged  Liver — Effect  of  a Deranged  Liver  on  the 
Nerves — Effects  of  Disease  of  the  Liver  on  the  Heart — 
Causes  of  Liver  Complaint — The  Home  Cure  of  Diseases 
of  the  Liver — Miscellaneous  Questions  Answered — Influ- 
ence of  Mental  Cultivation  in  Producing  Dyspepsia — 
Notes  on  Headache. 

In  his  preface  the  Author  observes  : '‘Liver  Complaint,  Dys- 
pepsia and  Headache,  are  three  children  of  the  Evil  One,  which 
have  been  allowed  to  propagate  till  there  is  no  family  but  suffers 
from  their  presence.  They  are  like  weeds  in  a garden,  sucking 
up  the  nourishment  that  should  go  to  feed  more  useful  plants. 
They  are  like  wolves  among  sheep,  carrying  off  the  choicest 
specimens,  only  to  destroy  them.  They  are  like  thieves  among 
honest  people,  robbing  them  of  their  earnings,  and  leaving  them 
in  poverty.  It  is  time  the  trio  were  attacked,  uprooted,  and 
routed.  Civilization  should  not  tolerate  them  any  more  than  it 
does  the  wild  beasts  that  would  carry  off  our  children.  We  should 
fight  against  them  as  we  do  against  vermin  and  contagious  diseases. 
The  time  has  not  yet  come  when  it  is  considered  disgraceful  to 
have  them,  but  it  is  disgraceful  and  sinful  to  the  educated  and 
cultivated,  nevertheless — quite  as  much  so  as  to  be  unable  to  read 
or  write,  or  speak  our  own  language  correctly  ; and  the  time  will 
come  when  it  will  be  a greater  disgrace  to  have  headache, 
dyspepsia,  and  liver  complaint,  than  to  violate  all  the  rules  of 
grammar  in  composition  and  speech.''  Price,  $1.00  by  mail. 

Address 

M.  L.  HOLBROGK,  13  and  15  Laight  St.,  New  York. 


Parturition  Without  Pain; 

OR, 

A Code  of  Directions  for  Avoiding  most  of  the 
Pains  and  Dangers  of  Child-Bearing. 

EDITED  BY  M.  L.  HOLBROOK,  M.D., 

Editor  of  The  Herald  of  Health. 

WITH  ESSA.V 

64  Tjie  Care  of  Chiedren,  *’ 

By  Mrs.  Clemence  S.  Lozier,  M.D., 

^ean  of  the  JV'ew-  Medical  College  for  yy'omen^ 


OOISTTE^STTS, 

1.  Healthfulness  of  Child-Bearing. 

2.  Dangers  of  Preventions. 

3.  Medical  Opinions  as  to  escaping  Pain, 

4.  Preparation  for  Maternity. 

5.  Exercise  during  Pregnancy. 

6.  The  Sitz  Bath  and  Bathing  generally. 

7.  What  Food  to  Eat  and  what  to  Avoid. 

8.  The  Mind  during  Pregnancy. 

9.  The  Ailments  of  Pregnancy  and  their  Remedies. 

10.  Female  Physicians,  Anaesthetics. 

To  which  are  added: 

1.  The  Husband’s  Duty  to  his  Wife.  2.  Best  Age  for  Rearing  Children. 
3.  Shall  Sickly  People  become  Parents  ? 4.  Small  Families.  5.  Importance  of 
Physiological  Adaptation  of  Husband  and  Wife.  6.  Celibacy.  7.  Effects  of 
Tobacco  on  Offspring,  8.  Latest  Discoveries  as  to  the  Determining  the  Sex 
of  Offspring.  9.  Father’s  m.  Mother’s  Influence  on  the  Child.  10.  Shall 
Pregnant  Women  Work?  11.  Effects  of  Intellectual  Activity  on  Number 
of  Offspring.  12.  Size  of  Pelvis,  and  its  Relation  to  Healthful  Parturition, 
etc.,  etc. 

WHAT  IS  SAID  ABOUT  “PARTURITION  WITHOUT  PAIN.” 

Godefs  Lady's  Book  says : “We  give  our  cordial  approbation  to  this  work, 
and  would  like  to  see  it  in  the  hands  of  every  mother  in  the  land.  The  infor- 
mation it  contains  is  most  important,  and,  we  are  fully  convinced,  reliable.” 

Mary  A.  Livermore,  editor  of  The  Woman's  Journal,  Boston,  says:  “Your 
book  can  not  be  too  highly  commended  as  containing  indispensable  knowl- 
edge for  women.” 

Its  gratuitous  circulation  should  be  a recognized  part  of  the  Woman  Move- 
ment.— 

The  course  recommended  can  not  fail  to  be  beneficial.— Christian 
Union. 

. Glad  to  see  such  books  from  the  American  press. — Methodist,  {Wew-York.) 

Contains  suggestions  of  the  greatest  value. — Tilton's  Golden  Age. 

A work  whose  excellence  surpasses  our  power  to  commend. — New-York 

Hail. 

The  price  by  mail,  $1.00 f puts  it  within  the  reach  of  all. 

Address  M.  L.  HOLBROOK,  Publisher, 

15  Lalght  Street.  New  Xorb. 


Aids  to  Family  Government, 

OR, 

PROM  THE  CRADLE  TO  THE  SCHOOL. 
B7  BEETHA  MEYEE. 

TRANSLATED  FROM  THE  GERMAN  BY 

Xa.  3E3:oi^bk,ook:,  xa:.  id. 

To  which  has  been  added  Herbert  Spencer’s  Essay  on 

THE  RIGHTS  OF  CHILDREN, 

AND 

100  Hints  and  Sngpstions  to  Parents  concerning  Family  Goyernment, 

BY  THE  TRANSLATOR. 

The  following  are  some  of  the  notices  of  the  press  translated  from 
prominent  German  newspapers  and  magazines : 

In  it  we  find  the  language  and  culture  of  a clear  mind  that 
has  the  ability  to  present  its  subject  with  spirit  and  power. 
Chapters  III,  IV  and  VI  we  should  call  real  pearls,  if  pearls  pos- 
sessed not  only  the  properties  of  brilliance  and  costliness,  but  also 
the  power  of  imbuing  the  human  mind  with  love  for  the  good 
and  true.  No  mother  can  read  the  book  without  often  exclaim- 
ing : ‘ The  author  is  right,  and  I will  in  future  follow  her  good 
counsel.^  Grecian  grace  is  everywhere  visible  in  the  style,  and 
the  whole  is  a striking  example  of  the  union  of  the  morally  good 
and  the  artificially  beautiful.  It  reminds  us  of  Socrates,  who 
was  intoxicated  with  a sense  of  the  beautiful,  and  who  was  yet 
the  first  to  assert  that  virtue  could  be  imparted  by  culture.'' — 
Bildungsverein. 

It  is  a book  worthy  to  be  ranked  with  the  best  that  have  ever 
been  written  concerning  the  training  of  children." — Bazar. 

“ This  most  valuable  book  is  a treasure  and  a most  appropriate 
gift  for  mothers.  The  writer  speaks  from  the  fullness  of  her  own 
experience,  and  manifests  a deep  insight  into  the  life  and  soul  of 
children.  What  her  clear  eye  and  affectionate  heart  perceives  she 
knows  how  to  present  with  intelligence  and  skill.  She  sits  by  the 
cradle  of  the  new  born  and  provides  with  motherly  tenderness 
for  its  physical  welfare,  giving  the  best  council  regarding  its  care 
in  order  that  it  may  be  developed  in  health  and  strength." — Vos- 
siche  Zeitung. 


Price  hy  Maily  paper,  50c.  Cloth,  $1, 


M.  L.  HOLBROOK,  13  & 15  Laight  Street,  N.  Y. 


FRUIT  AND  BREA 


A Natural  and  Scientific  Diet. 

By  QTJSTJiV  8CSBICKETSEN, 

Translated  from  the  German  by  M,  L.  HOLBROOK,  M.  D., 

Editor  of  The  Herald  op  Health. 

TO  WHICH  HAS  BEEN  ADDED 

A LETTER  BY  JAMES  C.  JACKSON,  M.  D.. 

Giving  Ms  experience  in  abstaining  from  Animal  Food. 

This  remarkable  hook,  translated  with  care,  is  one  of  the 
most  interesting  productions  on  the  natural  food  of  man  yet 
given  to  the  world.  From  the  standpoint  of  anthropology , phy- 
siology, experience  ; from  history,  comparative  anatomy,  embry- 
ology ; from  an  unperverted  instinct  and  morality,  our  author 
shows  man  to  be  by  nature  frugivorous,  using  this  word  in  its 
broadest  sense  to  include  fruits  and  grains  ; and  while  necessity 
may  have  compelled  him  to  resort  to  flesh  rather  than  to  starve, 
yet  this  does  not  change  his  nature.  As  an  original  contribution 
to  the  all-absorbing  subject  of  food,  it  will  prove  more  interesting 
than  any  novel,  and  v/e  believe  more  profitable  reading.  The 
benefits  of  its  perusal  will  be  : 

1.  To  show  what  is  the  natural  food  of  man. 

2.  To  lead  him  to  become  a loving  child  of  Nature. 

3.  To  simplify  and  beautify  his  manner  of  living. 

4.  To  emancipate  women  from  the  drudgery  of  the  kitchen. 

5.  To  lead  to  increased  use  of  fruit. 

6.  To  diminish  the  use  of  flesh,  and,  where  possible,  to  do 
away  with  its  use  altogether. 

7.  Gradually  to  improve  the  health,  and  add  to  the  enjoy- 
ment and  value  of  life. 


PRICE  BY  MAIL,  - - $1.00. 

M.  L HOLBROOK,  Publisher,  13  & 15  LaightSL, 

ITEW  -SroitK- 


Ano tiler  G-reat  Book! 

The  Relations  of  the  Sexes. 

BY  MRS.  E.  B.  DUFFEY. 

AUTHOR  OP  “ WHAT  WOMEN  SHOULD  KNOW,”  “NO  SEX  IN  EDUCATION,”  ETC. 


DEDICATION. 

TO 

THE  TOUM  MEN  AND  WOMEN  OF  AMEEIOA  . 

THOSE  WHO  STILL  HOLD  IN  THEIR  HANDS  THEIR  OWN  LIVES,  AND  THE  LIVES 
OF  A FUTURE  GENERATION,  IN  THE  HOPE  THAT  IT  MAT  SHOW  THEM 
HOW  TO  PERFORM  THEIR  DUTIES  TO  THEMSELVES,  TO  EACH 
OTHER,  AND  TO  FUTURITY,  WISELY  AND  WELL, 

LEAVING  NO  ROOM  FOR  REGRET  OF  REPROACH, 

THIS  BOOK  IS  HOPEFULLY  AIO) 

• LOVINGLY  DEDICATED, 

BY  THE  AUTHOR. 


COI^TTEIS^'3?S. 

Chapter  1.— Introductory. 

Chapter  2.— Sexual  Physiology. 

Chapter  3. — The  Legitimate  Social  Institutions  of  the  World— the  Orient. 
Chapter  4. — The  Legitimate  Social  Institutions  of  the  World '-the  Occident 
Chapter  5.— Polygamy. 

Chapter  6.— Free  Love  and  Its  Evils. 

Chapter  7. — Prostitution— its  Histoi-y  and  EvilSc 
Chapter  8.— Prostitution — its  Causes. 

Chapter  9.— Prostitution— its  Remedies. 

Chapter  10.— Chastity. 

Chapter  11.— Marriage  and  its  Abuses. 

Chapter  12. — Marriage  and  its  Uses. 

Chapter  13.— The  Limitation  of  Offspring. 

Chapter  14.— Enlightened  Parentage. 


This  book  is  written  from  a woman's  standpoint,  with  great 
earnestness  and  power.  The  author  takes  the  highest  moral  and 
scientific  ground.  The  book  is  bound  to  have  an  immense  sale. 
Orders  should  be  sent  in  at  once.  Price  by  Mail,  $1.00 
We  want  1,000  active  agents  to  canvass  for  tbis  hook,  to  whom 
the  best  commission  will  be  given. 

U.  L.  HOLEHOOK,  13  and  15  Laight  Street,  IT.  Y. 


SEXUAL  PHYSIOLOGY 

A SCIENTIFIC  AND  POPULAR  EXPOSITION 


07  THE 

FUNDAMENTAL  PROBLEMS  IN  SOCIOLOGY 

Ry  R.  T.  TPLALL,  M.D 

The  great  interest  now  being  felt  in  all  subject*  relating  to  Homan  Deyel 
opment,  will  make  the  book  op  interest  to  evert  one.  Besides  the  infoi 
mation  obtained  by  its  perusal,  the  practical  bearing  of  the  various  subjocU 
Created  in  improving  and  giving  a higher  direction  and  value  to  human  lll« 
BAN  hot  be  over-estimated. 

This  work  contains  the  latest  and  most  important  discoverie*  in  the  An 
atomy  and  Physiology  of  the  Sexes ; Explains  the  Origin  of  Human  Life ; How 
and  when  Menstruation,  Impregnation,  and  Conception  occur ; giving  the  laws 
by  which  the  number  and  sex  of  offspring  are  controlled,  and  valuable  infos 
mation  in  regard  to  the  begetting  and  rearing  of  beautiful  and  healthy  chlldrea, 
it  is  high-toned,  and  should  be  read  by  every  family.  With  eighty  fine  m 
^ravings.  Agents  wanted. 


SYNOPSIS  OP  TABLE  OP  CONTENTS. 


Chapter  I. — The  Male  Organs  of  Generation. 

Chapter  n.— The  Female  Organs  of  Generatioti. 

Chapter  rn.— The  Origin  of  Life. 

Chapter  IV.— Sexual  Generation. 

Chapter  V.— The  Physiology  of  Menstruatiott. 

Chapter  VI.— Impregnation. 

Chapter  V 11.— Pregnancy. 

Chapter  VTII.— Embryology.  • 

Chapter  IX.— Parturition. 

Chapter  X.— Lactation. 

Chapter  XI.— The  Law  of  Sex. 

Chapter  Xn.— Regulation  of  the  Number  of  Offspnisg 
Chapter  XIH.— The  Theory  of  Population. 

Chapter  XIV.— The  Law  of  Sexual  Intercourse. 

Chapter  XV.— Hereditary  Transmission. 

Chapter  XYL— Philosophy  of  Marriage. 

This  work  has  rapidly  passed  through  ten  editions,  axd  the  dssBa&d  1*  tm 
Mastly  laereasing.  He  tadi  oompiste  and  valuable  work  has  ever  before  beei 
esued  from  theT>r6M.  Price,  by  mail,  $1.00. 


The  Better  'Way: 

AN 

APPEAL  TO  MEN 

In  behalf  of  Human  Culture  through  a Wiser  Parentage- 

By  A.  E.  NEWTON. 


“Is  there  anything  better  in  a State  than  that  both  men  and  women  be 
rendered  the  very  best  ? There  is  not.” — Plato. 

“A  good  tree  cannot  bring  forth  evil  fruit,  neither  can  a corrupt  tree  bring 
forth  good  fruit.” — Jesus. 


CONTENTS. 

I.— A Mother’s  Plea  for  a Wiser  Motherhood.— Importance  of  Human 
Culture— Results  of  Ignorance  and  Marriage  Prostitution — The  Divine  Over^ 
shadowing— Undisturbed  Maternity. 

n. — A Few  Facts. — How  Beauty  and  Amiability  were  conferred — How  a 
Tattler  and  Busybody  was  made— Timidity  transmitted — Slyness  and  Thieving, 
how  entailed — A Welcome  Child— Craft,  Treachery,  etc. — How  Murderers  are 
made. 

III. — The  Source  of  Crime.— Futility  of  Penal  Laws  and  Capital  Punish- 
ments— Abortions  and  Attempts  at  Abortion,  and  the  Results — Who  are  Respon- 
sible for  the  existence  of  Criminals  ?— How  they  should  be  Treated. 

IV.  — The  Key  to  Other  Mysteries. — Origin  of  Various  Traits,  Diseases, 
etc. — The  Mother’s  Privilege — The  Law  of  Pre-Natal  Culture — Startling  Possi- 
bilities—The  Father’s  Pov?  er. 

V.  — Duties  of  Fatherhood.— Personal  Preparations — Selection  of  a Partner 
— ^Mutual  Love— Law  of  Conjugal  Harmony — Favorable  Circumstances — Public 
Recognition— Marriage — A Suitable  Home — Freedom — Pecuniary  Independence 
— Attention  during  the  Critical  Period — No  Intrusion — No  Profanation — Support 
and  Education  of  Offspring. 

VI. — Objections  Answered.— 1.  Impracticability.— 2.  Strength  of  the  Sexual 
Impulse,  Necessity,  etc. — Better  Uses  of  Procreative  Force — ^Value  of  Conti- 
nence— What  Marriage  should  Be — Non-Increase  of  Population — Homes  of  the 
Lower  Classes  Unfit — Revolutionary. 


“ The  groans  and  sighs  of  women  and  her  progeny  have  ascended  up  to  heaven 
long  enough.  The  angels  have  heard  and  answered.  Through  you  light  is  shed 
on  the  hitherto  dark,  mysterious  problems  of  transmitting  to  offspring  the  best 
and  happiest  possibilities  of  ourselves,  and  this  light  must  be  given  to  God’s 
people  without  delay.  Your  book  cannot  fail  to  do  much  good.” — Caroline  B. 
WinsloWi  M.B. 

It  is  earnestly  hoped  that  women  will  interest  themselves  in 
the  circulation  of  this  essay.  It  will  be  furnished  by  the  dozen 
and  the  hundred  at  reduced  rates.  It  is  written  in  the  interests 
of  woman  and  her  children,  and  cannot  fail  to  do  a great  deal  of 
good. 

'Brice.— ^aper  Covers,  25  cents.  Cloth,  50  cents.  12  Copies  by 
Mail,  Baper  Covers,  $2.00. 

M.  L.  HOLBEGOE.  13  and  15  Laight  Street,  N.  T. 


“ Let  all  persons  see  to  it  that  the  teachers  of  their  children  read  this  work.” — 

Editor  Herald  of  Health. 

THE  SCHOOL  GARDEN. 

By  DR.  SCHWAB, 

Director  of  the  Vienna  Military  Gymnasium^  etc* 

From  the  German  by  Mrs.  Horace  Mann. 

50  cents  by  mall*  5 copies  $2.00.  12  copies  $4. 00a 

Within  a few  years  the  idea  has  gradually  become  a conviction 
in  the  minds  of  many  educators,  that  the  rising  generation  must  be 
educated  by  labor  as  well  as  study.  This,  however,  must  not  be 
made  a severe  task,  but  a delight.  Froebel,  with  his  kindergar- 
ten, gave  this  thought  a great  impulse,  and  now  little  children  in 
thousands  of  kindergartens  all  over  Europe  and  America  are 
trained  in  their  earliest  years  by  organized  play  and  work  ; and 
under  the  hands  of  good  kindergarteners  these  children  are  as 
happy  as  they  can  be,  and  learn  to  use  their  hands  and  limbs  and 
mind  in  a way  that  prepares  them  when  older  to  use  them  profit- 
ably and  joyously  in  the  work  of  life. 

“ The  School  Garden  ''  takes  up  the  same  idea  and  adapts  it  to 
older  children  as  they  are  found  in  all  our  public  and  private 
schools  after  they  have  left  the  kindergarten.  In  France,  Austria 
and  Sweden  it  is  no  longer  an  experiment.  In  France,  we  are 
told,  there  are  already  thousands  of  schools  with  gardens  attached 
to  them,  under  the  care  of  a properly  qualified  teacher.  In  Vien- 
na, where  Dr.  Schwab  started  the  movement,  the  authorities  ap- 
propriated land  and  money  rather  reluctantly  for  the  experiment, 
and  three  years  later  willingly  and  enthusiastically  doubled  the 
land  in  order  that  all  the  children  of  the  city  might  come  under 
its  cheering,  refining,  ennobling  influences.  In  Sweden  every 
school  has  its  garden,  and  the  unsightly  schoolhouses  and  yards 
of  America  would  be  looked  upon  there  as  a disgrace.  In  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.,  the  experiment  has  also  been  tried,  and  Mrs.  Mann 
writes  that  it  made  the  children  as  happy  as  they  could  be,  and 
some  of  the  boys  even  laid  down  on  the  grass  lawn  they  had  made 
and  actually  hugged  and  kissed  it.  Dr.  Northrop,  one  of  the  liv- 
ing educators  of  Connecticut,  and  many  others,  are  advocating  tree- 
planting by  the  children  of  the  schools,  and  thus  practically 
bringing  them  into  contact  with  Nature  and  work.  Dr.  Seguin, 
one  of  the  foremost  of  our  medical  educators,  is  advocating  school 
gardens  with  great  earnestness.  This  little  book  by  Dr.  Schwab, 
translated  by  Mrs.  Horace  Mann,  is  intended  to  awaken  an  interest 
in  school  gardens  and  make  them  in  America  what  they  have  be- 
come in  Europe,  a highly  prized  educational  force. 

School  gardens  in  city* and  town  are  destined  to  be  a great  edu- 
cational force  in  America.  This  book,  full  of  spirit  and  enthu- 
siasm, will  materially  hasten  the  day. 

Address  all  orders  to 

M. L.  HOLBROOK,  Publisher,  13  & IS  Laight St.,  N.Y. 


llllSCLE-BMfllG: 


OK 


Active  and  Passive  Home  Gymastics, 

FOR 

HEALTHY  AND  UNHEALTHY  PEOPLE. 


BY 

C.  KLEMM, 

MANAGER  OP  THE  GYMNASTIC  INSTITUTION  IN  RIGA, 


WITH  10  ILLVSTRATIONS. 


CONTENTS. 

Introduction — Historical  Keview — Value  of  Muscle- 
Beating  as  aii  Indoor  Gymnastic — Directions  for  the 
Special  Use  of  Muscle-Beating — The  Muscle-Beater— 
Cold  Hands  and  Feet,  Morbid  Concentrations — ^Excessive 
Fatness — Muscular  Debility — The  Weakness  of  Ad- 
vanced Years  and  Infirmities  of  Old  Age — Lameness  and 
Stiff  Articulations — Morbid  Mental  Excitements — Sleep- 
lessness—^Incipient  Diseases  of  the  Spinal  Cord — Par- 
alysis— Rheumatism — Cold — Gouty  Tumors — Neuralgic 
Headache — ^Vertigo — Loss  of  Hair— Muscular  Curvature 
of  the  Spine — Muscle-Beating  as  a Means  of  Sustaining 
the  Health — Summary  of  Directions  for  the  Use  of 
Muscle-Beating. 

30  OoxAtis. 


M.  L.  HOLBROOK, 

13  Laight  St.,  New  York, 


THE  PHILOSOPHY  OF  HUMAN  BEAUTY  i 

Or,  Hints  Toward  Physical  Perfection. 

Showing  how  to  Acquire  and  Eetain  Bodily  Symmetry,  Health,  and  Vigor, 
core  Long  Life,  and  Avoid  the  Infirmities  and  LeiOrmities  of  Age. 

Bt  D.  H.  JAQUES. 


JLotto.-^TIu  idea  of  Beauty  of  Pereon  is  synonymous  witA  that  qf  EeaWi 
md  a Perfect  Organization. 


LIST  OP  CHAPTERS, 


I.  Stmctnre  of  the  Human  Body. 
H.  The  Perfect  Man  and  Woman, 
in.  The  Temperaments. 

IV.  Embryology. 

V.  Childhood. 

VI.  Moral  and  Emotional  Influences. 
Vn.  Social  Conditions  and  Occupa- 
tions. 


Vm.  Effect?  of  C;ilmate  and  Society 

IX.  Direct  Physical  Culture. 

X.  Praeticai  Hygiene, 

XI.  Womanhood. 

Xn.  Secret  of  Longevity. 

Xm.  Arts  o«  Beauty. 

XTV.  External  Indications  of  Figure 


This  book  contains  nearly  one  hundred  beautiitu  iQustrations,  and  tb 
whole  is  elegantly  bound.  Price,  by  mail,  $1.00. 


NEW  HYGIENIC  COOK  BOOK 


Bt  Mrs.  M.  M.  JONES,  M.D 


Tms  work  contains  Recipes  for  making  TJ’’ieaeeiieo  Bread,  Bisculta  jt 
Wheat,  Com,  Oat,  and  Rye  Meal,  Graham  Crackeis,  Wueaten  Mush,  HomL^y, 
Samp,  Indian  Meal  Mush,  Oatmeal  Mush,  Farina  Musn,  Rice  Mush,  Blanc 
Mange,  Molded  Farinacea,  Wheat  and  Oatmeal  Porridge,  every  variety  of  Pie, 
with  the  most  wholesome  and  delicious  crast,  and  directions  so  minute  that 
those  who  have  no  acquaintance  with  Hygienic  Oookery  will  find  it  easy  to 
carry  out  the  details.  Recipes  for  more  than  forty  kindB  of  Puddings,  an  Essay 
on  Fruits  and  their  use  as  food,  with  ample  direcflons  for  canning,  drying,  and 
cooking,  numerous  hints  on  cooking  Vegetables,  the  preparation  of  dishes  from 
whole  grains  and  seeds,  recipes  for  Graels  of  Wheat-Meal,  Oatmeal,  Farina, 
Tapioca,  Sago,  Arrowroot,  Rice,  Green  and  Split  Peas,  Bariey  Vegetable  Broth, 
Barley  Broth,  etc.,  etc.  The  Recipes  for  washing  and  removing  stains  are  thoM 
which  experience  has  proved  to  be  best,  and  are  wq^  many  times  the  eesl 
Qi  thabook. 

Price,  poataae  free»  30 


VEGETARIANISM 

THE  RADICAL  CURE  FOR  INTEMPERANCE, 

By  HABBIET  JP.  FOWLEB. 

CHAPTEK  I. 

MEAT  CAUSES  INTEMPERANCE  BY  ITS  ABSENCE  OF 
CARBONACEOUS  PROPERTIES. 

CHAPTEE  11. 

MEAT  MAY  LEAD  TO  INTEMPERANCE  BY  ITS  STIMU- 
LATING EFFECTS  UPON  THE  NERVOUS  SYSTEM. 

CHAPTEE  III. 

MEAT  PERPETUATES  INTEMPERANCE  BY  ITS  STIMU- 
LATING EFFECTS  UPON  THE  STOMACH. 

CHAPTEE  IV. 

TABLES  SHOWING  THAT  OTHER  ARTICLES  OF  FOOD 
ARE  AS  NUTRITIOUS  AS  MEAT,  THEREBY  RE- 
MOVING ONE  OF  THE  DRUNKARD’S  OB- 
JECTIONS TO  VEGETARIANISM. 

CHAPTEE  V. 

CONTINUATION  OF  TABLES  BEGUN  IN  CHAPTER  IV. 

CHAPTEE  VI. 

THE  DRUNKARD’S  SECOND  OBJECTION  TO  VEGETA- 
RIANISM (THE  SUFFERINGS  OF  THE  PALATE) 
ANSWERED. 

This  work  has  met  with  a most  cordial  reception  from  the 
press,  many  papers  noticing  it  at  length,  and  commending  it  very 
highly.  It  aims  to  place  the  matter  on  purely  scientific  grounds, 
and  no  one  can  read  it  without  being  instructed  and  charmed  by 
the  arguments  presented.  Its  price  has  been  placed  so  low  that  it 
may  be  placed  within  the  reach  of  all.  Many  persons  are  ordering 
them  in  quantities  to  give  away.  It  certainly  ought  to  be  placed 
in  the  hands  of  every  perspn  struggling  with  the  demon  alcohol. 

PRICE,  30  CENTS  BY  MAIL. 

M.  L.  HOLBROOK,  13  & 15  Laight  Street,  N.  Y. 


Talks  to  My  Patients ; 

HINTS  ON  OETTINa  WELL  AND  KEEPINO  WELL. 

BY  MES.  B.  B.  GLEASON,  M.D. 

TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

Growing  Girls— ThQ  Development  of  Womanhood;  Overwork  and  Invalidism; 
Good  Blood  Necessary  for  Good  Work  ; Precocity  Should  be  Held  in  Check ; Lost  Men- 
al  Power  ; Lost  Physical  Power  ; The  Moral  Force  ; Gymnastics  for  Overworked  Stu- 
dents; Piano-Playing;  The  Season  of  Changes;  A Note  of  Warning  to  Mothers; 
Religious  Nature.  Commencement  and  Duration  of  the  Menses; 

Premature  Development ; Girls  at  Puberty ; Dangers  of  Ignorance  of  the  Menses ; Over- 
Exertion  Causes  Immaturity  ; Treatment ; Causes  of  Derangement.  Amenorrhea— 
Its  Peculiarities  and  its  Remedies ; Exercise.  Menorrhagia—li's,  Character ; Symptoms ; 
Causes ; Treatment.  Dysmenorrhea — Causes  and  Cure ; Permanent  Dysmenorrhea  ; 
Treatment ; A Caution.  Prolapsus  Uteri-^J.is  Peculiarities  ; Imaginary  Prolapsus ; 
Supporters,  etc.;  Causes;  Treatment.  XewcorrAea— Its  Character ; Location  of  the  Dis- 
ease; Causes;  Means  of  Cure.  Indications  of ; Stomach  Troubles ; “Long- 

ings;” Remedies  for  Stomach  Troubles;  Palliative  Treatment  during  the  Early 
Months  ; Exercise  ; Nervous  Susceptibility ; Inheritance  ; Discomforts  of  Advanced 
Pregnancy  ; Care  of  the  Breasts  before  Confinement.  Approaching  Confinement— 
Premonitory  Symptoms ; Preparation.  General  Remarks  ; Attention  to  the 

Infant  ; Removal  of  the  After-Birth  ; Uterine  Hemorrhage.  After  Delivery— Aitex- 
Pains  ; Diet.  Care  of  the  Prcasfs— Abscess  ; Care  of  the  Nipples.  After  Confine- 
ment—: Hemorrhoids  ; Local  Inflammation ; Tonic  Treatment ; How  Long 
the  Patient  must  Lie  in  Bed  ; Importance  of  Quiet  after  Confinement.  Bathing  of 
General  Directions.  Dress  of  Remarks ; 'Tight  Dressing  ; Our  Fash- 

ion. Wurnwg'— Regularity  as  to  Time  of  Nursing.  Caution  to  Nursing  Mothers. 

General  Directions.  Feeding  of  Infants— Wet-Nurses;  Found- 
ling Hospitals;  Kinds  of  Food.  Infantine  Diseases— Water  Treatment;  Other  Treat- 
ment. Diseases  of  Children— ; Affections  of  the  Throat  and  Chest ; Eruptive 
Fever ; Diseases  of  the  Skin.  Children's  Dress— General  Directions.  Confidential  to 
JfofAers— Remarks ; How  to  Teach  the  Young.  Intentional  Abortion— Re- 
marks. Accidental  Abortion — Preventives ; Care  during  an  Abortion  ; Relative  Dan- 
gers of  the  Two  Classes.  Habit ; Local  Causes ; General  Condition.  Nervous 

Derangements— Peculiarities;  Help  Imparted  by  Another  ; Hysteria;  Mode  of 
Life.  /S'Zsei?— Sleep  Physiologically  Considered  ; Influence  of  Habit ; Influence  of  Sleep 
on  the  Senses:  Dreams;  Sleep  Affected  by  Occupation ; Mothers  Worn  with  Night 
Care ; Growing  Children  ; Phases  of  Sleep  ; Lack  of  Sleep  a Cause  of  Mental  Derange- 
ment ; Effects  of  Night-Work  ; Failure  of  Health  from  Insufficient  Sleep  ; Hints  to  the 
Sleepless,  What  Shall  We  Eat?  Causes  of  Dyspepsia : Treatment.  Com 

s<ijt)a«£on— Results  of  Continued  Constipation.  Menopause,  or  Change  of  Life— 
Growing  Old  Gracefully  ; Precaution ; Varied  Phases  of  Cessation ; Treatment  during 
Menopause  ; Subsequent  Discomforts ; Palliative  Treatment ; Advancing  Years, 

LADY  AGENTS  WANTED. 

M.  L.  HOLBROOK,  Publisher, 

13  and  15  Laight  Street,  New-York. 
Price,  by  mail,  $ 1 .50. 


MARRIAGE  and  PARENTAGE, 

In  their  Sanitary  and  Physiological  Relations,  and 
in  their  Bearing  on  the  Producing  of  Children 
of  Finer  Health  and  Greater  Ability. 

By  Im.  HOLiBROOK^  M.D. 

Printed  on  Fine  Tinted  Paper,  and  Handsomely 
Bound  in  Cloth. 

Price  {l>y  Mail),  ^1.00. 

This  book,  which  has  been  in  preparation  for  several  years,  is 
an  entirely  new  departure  in  the  treatment  of  this  subject,  and 
cannot  fail  to  be  read  with  profound  interest  by  thinking  people 
everywhere.  The  author  avoids  all  expressions  which  might  be 
considered  offensive  to  good  taste,  and  has  produced  a work  which 
can  be  read  in  the  family.  He  aims  to  instruct  and  educate  rather 
than  to  find  fault,  and  every  page  is  crowded  with  knowledge 
which  cannot  fail  to  prove  useful.  It  comprises  about  200  pages; 
is  printed  with  clear,  handsome  type,  on  fine  tinted  paper,  and  is 
handsomely  bound  in  cloth. 

The  following  are  the  titles  of  the  principal  chapters  of  the 
work : 

1.  Introductory,  comprising  a sketch  of  the  great  improvements  in  the  Mar- 
riage Relations  within  historic  times. 

2.  The  Duality  of  the  Sexes,  and  Reasons  for  Marriage. 

3.  The  fundamental  principles  on  which  True  Marriages  are  based. 

4.  The  temperamental  and  educational  adaptation  of  one  party  to  the  other. 

5.  Health  as  the  most  important  factor  in  a Sanitary  Marriage. 

6.  Physical  Culture  as  an  element  in  Marriage. 

7.  Marriage  among  the  ancient  Spartans,  and  its  lessons  for  modem  civiliza- 
tion. 

8.  How  Science  is  applied  to  improving  animals  and  plants,  and  may  be  ap- 
plied to  improving  the  race. 

9.  The  Mixing  of  Races  and  its  importance. 

10.  The  difficulties  which  are  encountered. 

11.  Importance  of  having  Children,  especially  good  and  healthy  ones,  and  the 
disadvantages  of  rearing  sickly  or  bad  ones. 

12.  Reproduction,  its  nature  and  laws  (a  very  instructive  chapter). 

13.  Why  and  how  parents  transmit  good  and  bad  qualities  to  their  offspring. 

14.  The  laws  of  Sanitary  parentage  (also  an  important  chapter). 

All  Orders  sliould  be  sent  to  tbe  Publisber, 

M.  L.  HOLBROOK, 

13  and  16  LAICHT  STREET,  N.  Y. 


THE  DIET  CURE; 

THE 

ReiATIOS^S  OF  FOOD  AMD  DRIMK  TO  HEALTH, 
DISEASE  AND  CURE. 


By  T.  L.  J^nCKOlliS,  M.  B., 

Editor  of  the  London  Herald  of  Health, 


The  titles  of  the  twenty-four  chapters  of  The  Diet  Cure  are: 

Health.  Food.  Water.  Blood. 

The  Natural  Food  of  Man. 

Disease.  Prevention  and  Cure. 

The  Question  op  Quantity.  The  Question  of  Quality. 
Principles  op  the  Diet  Cure. 

Medical  Opinions  on  the  Diet  Cure. 

Of  Diet,  in  Acute,  Scrofulous,  and  Nervous  Diseases. 

* The  Diet  Cure  in  Obesity. 

Vis  Medicatrix  Nature.  , 

The  Diet  Cure  in  Various  Diseases. 

The  Water  Cure. 

Waste  of  Life.  The  Life  of  the  Race 

The  Population  Question. 

Some  Practical  Illustrations. 

Am  and  Exercise. 

National  Health  and  Wealth. 

Personal  Advice. 

There  have  been,  from  Hippocrates  to  Dr.  Gull,  many  sensible 
physicians,  and  some  of  the  best  of  them  are  quoted  in  The  Diet 
Cure,  which  teaches  that  pure  food  makes  pure  blood,  and  pure 
blood  builds  up  a healthy  body. 

This  book  is  handsomely  printed,  bound  in  cloth,  and  will  be 
sent  by  mail  for  fifty  cents. 

M.  L.  HOLBROOK,  Publisher, 

IS  & 15  Laight  Street,  NEW  TOMK. 


THE  DIETETIC  REFORMER 

AND  VEGETARIAN  MESSENGER. 

An  English  publication  of  thirty-two  pages,  will  be  furnished 
for  $1.00  a year  by 

M.  L.  HOLBROOK,  13  & 15  Laight  Street,  Hew  York. 


MEDICAL  AND  HYGIENIC  HINTS 

ON  THE 

PROTECTION  ^ MANAGEMENT 

OF  THE 

SINGING  VOICE. 

By  BEJiSriSrOX  BBOWISTJE,  W.  B.  C.  S. 

Senior  Sugeon  to  the  Central  Throat  and  Ear  Hosmtal,  Surgeon  and  Aural  Surgeon  to 
the  Royal  Society  of  Musicians,  Surgeon  to  the  Royal  Albert  Hall  Choral  Society, 
Surgeon  to  Her  Majesty’s  Italian  Opera,  etc.,  etc. 


15th  TUOVSANjy, 


TMs  excellent  book,  which  has  had  a great  sale  in  England, 
is  now  published  here  at  the  low  price  of  25  cents,  and  to  meet 
a demand  for  an  intelligent  and  suggestive  treatise  on  the  manage- 
ment and  improvement  of  the  singing  voice.  The  following  table 
of  contents  will  serve  to  indicate  its  character  : 

Chapter  I.  Introduction  and  Theoretical  Statement. 

Chapter  II.  Voice  Production — Physiological  and  Practical. 

Chapter  III.  Management  of  the  Voice — Hygienic,  Dietetic 
and  Medical.* 


OPINIONS  OF  THE  ENGLISH  PRESS. 

The  hints  are  so  valuable  that,  to  the  professional  vocalist,  they  are 
of  the  utmost  importance,  and  we  consider  we  are  doing"  a service  to  the 
profession  in  drawing  attention  to  Mr.  Lennox  Browne’s  work.— LYa. 

It  contains  the  most  valuable  information  concerning  the  vocal 
organ,  and  some  admirable  hints  to  vocalists  as  to  its  proper  training 
and  culture.  He  gives  plain,  simple,  and  commonsense  directions  of 
hygiene  to  those  who  wish  to  exercise  the  voice  as  a musical  instru- 
ment.—Eifiiaro. 

In  a small  space  it  contains  a wonderful  amount  of  information  on 
the  anatomy  and  physiology  of  the  vocal  organs,  conveyed  in  a simple 
and  unaffected  style —Illustrated  Sporting  and  Dramatic  News. 

This  is  not  a mere  technical  essay,  but  will  be  found  of  real  service 
by  all  engaged  in  the  teaching  or  study  of  vocal  music.— Lloyd's  Weekly 
News. 

Mr.  Browne’s  treatise  is  full  of  valuable  information,  and  its  study 
may  be  recommended  not  only  to  regular  students  and  teachers  of  sing- 
ing, but  to  the  numerous  clergy  and  choirmasters  who  are  now  trans- 
forming for  the  better  the  old  droning  and  shouting  of  the  services  of 
the  church.— Guardian. 

The  work  is  extremely  interesting  from  a social  as  well  as  from  a 
medical  point  of  view,  and  recommends  itself  to  all  interested  in  vocal 
music.— Morning  Post, 

A standard  text-book  for  the  people  upon  the  subject  of  which  it 
treats.— Pififoro. 

We  can  recommend  it  emphatically,  for  there  is  not  a page  that  does 
not  contain  useful  guidance  to  the  vocalist.  In  all  matters  regarding 
the  production  of  the  voice  and  its  preservation,  the  author  is  authority 
of  the  most  trustworthy  Mud.— Era. 


Sent  by  Mail  for  25  cents. 

Address  M.  L.  HOLBROOK, 

13  & 15  iMight  Street,  NJEW  TOJCK. 


MUSCLE  BE^TIIN^a 

AND  THE 

MUSCLE  BEATER. 


This  instrument  is  a cheap,  simple  and  effective  method  of  adminis- 
tering* exercise  to  the  body, .either  by  the  hands  of  the  person  himself, 
or  by  an  attendant,  in  case  the  one  desiring  the  treatment  is  unable  to 
make  it  to  his  or  her  own  person.  The  value  of  the  treatment  is  fully 
set  forth  in  Klemm’s  little  work  entitled  “ Muscle  Beating;  or.  Active 
and  Passive  Gymnastics  for  Healthy  and  Unhealthy  People,”  which  is 
furnished  for  30  cents.  The  following  are  some  of  the  conditions  in 
which  the  use  of  the  Beater  is  very  excellent:  Cold  Hands  and  Feet, 
Morbid  Concentrations— Excessive  Fatness— Muscular  Debility— The 
Weakness  of  Years  and  Infirmities  of  Old  Age— Lameness  and  Stiff 
Articulations  — Morbid  Mental  Excitements  — Sleeplessness— Incipient 
Diseases  of  the  Spinal  Cord  — Paralysis  — Rheumatism  — Cold  — Gouty 
Tumors— Neuralgic  Headache— Vertigo— Loss  of  Hair— Muscular  Curv- 
ature of  the  Spine,  etc. 

To  this  we  may  add,  that  for  sedentary  persons  and  those  who  are 
not  able  to  take  active  exercise,  the  Beater  produces  a most  exhilarating 
effect,  starting  the  circulation  in  an  incredibly  short  time,  so  that  there 
is  a delightful  glow.  In  those  who  do  not  react  well  after  a bath  its  use 
is  excellent.  After  one  has  become  weary  with  a hard  day’s  work  its 
use  for  a short  time  takes  away  the  weariness  and  leaves  in  its  place  a 
most  pleasant  effect.  Prof.  H.  E.  Richter  says: 

“Now  we  are  not  to  forget  what  we  owe  to  our  own  bodies, and 
when  the  constitution  or  bodily  health,  or  the  demands  of  the  time,  or 
other  concerns  do  not  allow  the  ordinary  use  of  the  gyii_aastic  exercise, 
for  the  removal  of  morbid  conditions,  then  we  may  grasp  with  confi- 
dence the  Muscle  Beater ; because  at  any  time  muscle  beating  will  afford 
a complete  means  of  promoting  the  blood  circulation  and  nerve  cur- 
rents in  the  skin  and  in  the  muscles,  and  in  this  way  not  only  relieve  and 
cure  chronic  diseases,  but  also  sustain  our  health  and  consequently  pro- 
long our  life.” 

Price  of  the  Beater,  by  Mail,  Postpaid,  $S.OO. 


As  a guide  to  those  ordering  the  Beaters,  we  commend  a most  excel- 
lent book  Just  published,  entitled 

MUSCLE  BEATING; 

OR, 

AOTIVE  AND  PASSIVE  HOME  GYMNASTICS  FOE 
HEALTHY  AND  UNHEALTHY  PEOPLE. 


By  prof  C.  KLEMM, 

Manager  of  the  Gymnastic  Institution  of  Biga,  Bussia, 


Dr.  Karell,  Physician  to  His  Imperial  Majesty  the  Emperor  of  Russia, 
says  of  this  little  work : “I  agree  completely  with  the  principles  ex- 
plained in  this  work,  which  are  based  on  the  natural  sciences.” 

Price  of  the  Book,  30  cents. 


Addrets  M.  L.  HOLBROOK, 

13  & 15  Lai&ht  Street,  New  York. 


SUBSCRIPTION  BOOKS 


CHASTITY, 


OR 


OXJK.  SECRET  SINS, 


BY  DIO  LEWIS,  M.D. 

This  work  treats  of  the  sexual  relations  in  their  higher  aspects.  It  is  not 
in  any  sense,  what  is  popularly  understood  as  a “ doctor’s  book.”  Yet  it  is  a 
book  for  self -culture  and  self-help.  It  is  designed  for  the  use  of  those 
thousands,  who,  accepting  fully  the  divinely-uttered  truth  that  “ out  of  the 
heart  are  the  issues  of  life,”  have  set  before  themselves  the  noble  ideal  of 
“ a pure  heart  in  a chaste  body.”  For  all  such,  whether  married  or  single, 
it  has  a wealth  of  precept,  and,  still  better,  of  example;  worth  more  than 
gold. 

The  work  is  a large,  handsome  12mo  volume,  printed  from  electrotype 
plates,  made  from  new,  clear  type,  on  heavy,  tinted  paper,  handsomely 
illustrated,  and  elegantly  and  durably  bound.  It  will  be  furnished  to  sub- 
scribers at  the  following  low  prices  : 

Bound  in  Extra  Fine  1 English  Cloth,  Black  and  Gold 

Ornaments,  Plain  Edges $2.00 

Bound  in  Extra  Fine  English  Cloth,  Black  and  Gold 

Ornaments,  Full  Gilt $2.26 

Descriptive  circulars  mailed  on  application. 

“The  world  is  borne  down  to  the  gates  of  death  and  hell  by  its  woful 
ignorance  on  the  subject  of  which  ‘ Chastity  ’ treats  ; and  he  who  spealis  the 
truth  and  enlightens  humanity,  is  not  only  a hero,  but  an  apostle.”— Mas. 
E.  B.  Duffsy,  Assistant  Editor  of  Arthur's  Home  Magazine. 

“ There  is  nothing  in  the  matter  or  method  of  the  book  to  feed  passions  or 
wrong  desires.”— Elmira  Advertiser. 

“It  contains  invaluable  social  truths  which  are  little  known  and  less 
heeded  by  a selfish  and  short-sighted  world.”— Robert  Dale  Owen,  LL.D. 

“ The  thanks  of  all  good  men  and  women  who  know  that  God  made  truth 
to  circulate  as  coin  among  His  children  on  the  earth  are  due  the  widely- 
known  author.” — Rev.  Henry  A.  Wales,  Pastor  of  First  Congregational 
Church,  Leominster,  Mass. 

“Few  books  now  before  the  public  are  calculated  to  confer  greater  or 
more  vital  benefit  upon  the  rising  generation.”— Washington  Gazette. 

“ I am  glad  to  own  the  book,  and  shall  put  it  into  the  hands  of  the  young 
in  whom  I am  interested.”— Georgiana  Davis,  Secretary  of  the  New  England 
Moral  Education  Society. 

“ ‘Chastity,  or  Our  Secret  Sins,’  is  a book  which  should  find  a place  in 
every  home.” — Rev.  Chas.  H.  Churchill,  Prof.  Mathematics  and  Natural 
Philosophy,  Oberlin  College,  Ohio. 

“ It  should  be  read  by  every  young  person,  either  married  or  unmarried.” 
— D.  Butterfield,  Pres.  Harlem  Springs  College. 

M.  L.  HOLBROOK,  Publisher, 

13  and  15  LAIOHT  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 


YOUTH ; 

CULTUIXE. 

An  Outline  of  Principles  for  Parents  and  Guardians. 

By  J.  MORTIMER  GRANVILLE. 

WITH  AMERICAN  NOTES  AND  ADDITIONS. 


We  are  beginning  to  demand  a rational  training  of  the  young,  so  a-s  to 
secure  for  them  good  health  and  a harmonious  development  of  body  and 
mind.  This  book,  by  a learned  and  eminent  physiologist,  is  intended  to  pro- 
mote in  a high  degree  objects. 

The  following  are  the  titles  of  the  Chapters. 

1.  Culture  and  Improvement.  5.  Boy  Manhood  in  Later  Tears. 

2.  The  Eradication  of  Disease.  6,  CiiT  Womanhood  in  its  Early  Stage. 

S.  The  Threshold  of  Life.  7.  Girl  Womanhood  in  its  Later  Yefirs. 

4.  Boy  Manhood  in  its  Early  Stage.  8.  Habits. 

To  this  has  been  added  a paper  by  that  charming  English  writer,  Grace 
Greenwood,  on  the  PHYSICAL  EDUCATION  OF  A GIBL,  and  a paper  on  the 
DKESS  OF  GIRLS,  by  a Woman  Physiciam  of  great  distinction. 

The  book  is  beautifully  printed,  and  handsomely  bound  in  cloth.  Ite 
retail  price  will  be  $1  per  copy.  Every  subscriber  to  the  HERALD  OF 
HEALTH,  who  sends  30  cents  extra  at  the  time  of  remitting  for  1883,  will 
receive  the  work  by  mail  free. 


m PRESS. 

DEEP  BREATHING 

As  a Means  of  J^romoting  the  Art  of  Song^  and  of 
Curing  Various  Diseases  of  the  Throat  and 
Lungs f especially  Sore  Throats^  Dron- 
chitis.  Asthma^  Wealc  LungSy 
and  Consumption, 

By  SOPHIA  MARQUISE  A.  CICCOLINA. 

Translated  from  the  German  by  E.  S.  Werner,  with  an  added 
chapter  by  M.  L.  Holbrook,  M.D.,  on  the  AIR  CURE  and 
VENTILATIOK.  Price,  by  mail,  30  Cents. 

f 

Is/L.  L.  ElIOXjEltOOiBZ, 

13  and  15  Jjaight  Street,  New  YorJc^ 


Iew  York  Hygienic  Institote 

# AND 

Turkish  Bath  Hotel. 


The  objects  of  this  institution,  which  has  been  in  successful  oper- 
ation for  more  than  thirty  years,  are  twofold,  viz  : 

1,  THE  TREATMENT  AND  CUBE  OF  THE  SIGN,  BY 
HYGIENIC  AGENCIES  ALONE. 

2.  TO  FURNISH  A PLEASANT,  GENIAL  HOME  TO 
FRIENDS  OF  HYGIENE  THROUGHOUT  THE  WORLD, 
WHENEVER  THEY  VISIT  THIS  CITY. 


CURE  DEPARTMENT. 

Thousands  of  invalids  have  been  successfully  treated  at  this 
institution  during  the  past  thirty  years,  and  its  fame  extends  wher- 
ever the  English  language  is  spoken.  Its  appliances  for  the  treatment 
of  disease  without  the  use  of  poisonous  drugs  comprise  the 

Swedish  Movement  Cure,  Turkish  Baths, 
Electricity,  Yapor  Baths,  Machine 
Yibrations,  Lifting  Cure, 

HEALTHFUL  FOOD,  A PLEASANT  HOME,  ETC.,  ETC. 


Particular  attention  is  given  to  the  treatment  of  all  the  forms  of 
CHRONIC  DISEASE,  especially  of  Rheumatism,  Gout,  Dyspepsia, 
Constipation,  Torpidity  of  the  Liver,  Weak  Lungs  and  Incipient 
Consumption,  Poor  Circulation,  General  Debility,  Curvature  of  the 
Spine,  Scrofula,  Disease  of  the  Skin,  Spermatorrhea,  etc. 

We  make  a specialty  of  Rheumatism  and  have  treated  a large 
number  of  cases  very  successfully  by  means  of  the  Turkish  Bath, 
which  is  now  acknowledged  to  be  almost  a specific  for  this  disease, 
by  physicians.  Malarial  diseases  are  also  treated  with  equal  success. 
Persons  from  Malarial  regions  of  the  West  almost  invariably  recover 
rapidly.  So  also  do  persons  exhausted  from  overwork,  or  other 
causes.  In  many  cases  we  have  restored  those  broken  down  from  the 
use  of  tobacco  and  broken  up  the  habit.  We  will  gladly  correspond 
with  any  desiring  treatment,  giving  full  particulars. 


THE  TURKISH  BATH. 


**  This  is  the  grandest  matter  of  modern  t\,mes. 

-^Walter  Savage  Landob, 

Our  Tarkish  Bath,  which  was  the  first  in  New  York,  and  one  of  the 
largest  and  best  in  America,  we  added  to  our  institution  fifteen  years  ago, 
at  an  expense  of  over  ten  thousand  dollars.  Since  that  time  we  have 
given  over  Three  Hundred  Thousand  Baths,  with  such  beneficial  results 
that  we  have  not  the  slightest  hesitation  in  affirming  that  the  Turkish 
Bath  is  one  of  the  greatest  remedial  as  well  as  Hygienic  agents  known 
to  man. 

What  are  the  essentia!  features  of  the  Ti-rklsh  Bath? 

1.  Bathing  the  entire  body  in  heated  air  until  perspiration  is  induced 
over  the  whole  surface  of  the  body. 

2.  The  process  of  shampooing,  which,  loosens  up  the  effete  matter  and 
scarf  skin,  promotes  the  circulation  of  blood  in  the  muscles,  skin,  and 
adjacent  tissues,  and  soothes  the  nervous  system. 

3.  The  cleansing  of  the  skin  and  reduction  of  the  temperature  of  the 
body  to  the  natural  standard  by  the  use  of  water,  either  by  the  spray, 
douche,  shower,  or  plunge. 

4.  The  drying  and  airing  process,  which  prepares  the  bather  for  the 

outer  world”  again.  The  different  processes  are  varied  to  suit  par- 
ticular cases. 

What  are  the  effects  of  the  Bath  ? 

1.  To  cleanse  and  promote  the  healthful  action  ot  the  skin,  and  the 
seven  million  little  perspiratory  sewers  or  pores,  which  open  upon  its 
surface  and  carry  off  waste  and  effete  matters  from  tne  ^ystem. 

2.  To  purify  the  blood,  hy  drawing  off  its  impurities  through  the 
perspiration,  and  hy  increasing  the  activity  of  the  liver  and  kidneys. 

3.  To  equalize  the  circulation  of  the  blood  throughout  the  system  ; 
thus  removing  all  local  congestion  of  the  head  or  mieriial  organs. 

4.  To  soothe  and  tranquilize  the  nervous  system,  and  give  Gloamess 
of  mind  as  well  as  bealthfulness  of  body.  Rightly  administered,  it  pro- 
duces the  above  results  as  no  other  hath  can  do 

What  are  the  special  uses  of  the  Bath? 

To  secure  perfect  cleanliness,  to  preserve  the  heai'fh  and  prevent  die- 
ease,  and  to  cure  the  sick. 


Hie  Queen  af  Baths.— Ltwis^  if.  2>.,  Boitouy  Meat, 

Turkish  Baths  purify  and  invigorate.— i?.  Warhy  if.  />,,  Saratoga  Springt. 

Unsurpassed,  as  combining  luxury  and  utility.— JB.  M.  Lacket/y  M.  D.y  ChieagOy  lU. 

I recommend  the  baths  as  a healthy  exercise.— TT.  E,  Anthony,  if.  2>.,  PraMtnet 
R I. 

As  a curative  and  pleasant  process,  I can  heartily  recommend  the  Turkish  Bath.— 
/.  E,  Brown,  M.  D.,  Philadelphia. 

I consider  the  Turkish  Bath  as  especially  beneficial  in  catarrhal  affections,  and  urge 
it  a trial.— iJ.  N.  CoU,  Jr.,  if.  J).,  Williamthurghy  L.  1. 

The  Turks  have  always  considered  the  public  baths  of  Owstantinople  as  supplying 
the  place  of  a certain  number  of  hospitals,  which  would  otherwise  have  to  be  built.— 
Dr.  Haughton. 

The  Turkish  Bath  can  not  be  too  highly  commended.  It  is  a great  purifier  and  ac- 
celerator of  the  circulation.  It  is  good  for  almost  “ all  the  ills  that  flesh  is  heir  to.”— 
Levi  Grimshaw,  M.  D.,  New  York. 

The  use  of  the  Turkish  Bath  renders  the  complexion  more  delicate  and  brilliant — the 
eye  becomes  clearer  and  better — ^the  whole  person  is  rendered  fragrant,  and  all  personal 
charms  are  enhanced. — Dr.  Barter. 

Phthisis  is  a disease  in  which  debility  is  a marked  symptom,  yet  patients  submitted 
to  the  bath  increased  in  strength  and  flesh.  This  convinces  me  that  the  bath  is  likely 
to  prove  the  best  treatment  for  consumption  yet  applied.— 2>r.  Learned. 

After  a day  of  labor  and  care,  which  had  quite  exhausted  me,  I have  just  taken  one 
of  the  Turkish  Baths,  and  come  out  feeling  completely  rested  as  when  I arose  from  my 
bed  in  the  morning— in  short,  as  good  as  new.— X.  H.  1 honnaSy  M.  D.,  Water  bury,  Yl. 

The  only  sure  cure  for  a cold  is  the  Turkish  Bath.  It  opens  the  pores  and  starts  the 
system  afresh  into  working  order.  I cheerfully  recommend  it,  even  to  persons  in  good 
health,  as  the  best  means  to  keep  the  healthiest  secretions. — Dr.  D.  F.  Clintony  New 
York. 


I entered  the  Turkish  Bath  with  a severe  bronchitis.  I could,  with  great  exertion, 
barely  whisper.  After  passing  through  the  excellent  system,  it  surprised  me  to  find 
my  chest  relieved  from  all  constriction,  my  voice  nearly  restored.  For  an  acute  case  of 
bronchitis,  I am  happy  to  say  I believe  there  is  no  better  treatment. — Francis  Green, 
M.  D.y  New  York. 

I concur  in  the  foregoing  testimony  as  to  the  intrinsic  merit,  as  a remedial  agent,  of 
the  Turkish  Bath,  and  to  the  very  complete  way  in  which  it  is  given  at  Nos.  13  and  15 
Laight  Street,  New  t have  taken  the  same  form  of  bath  in  Germany  and  Eng- 
land, and  nowhere  iore  satisfactorily  administered.— Pr<)/\  Mufus  King 

Browney  M.  D.y  New  York. 


All  unfavorable  influences  of  climate  and  national  habits  combine  to  suggest  the 
more  extended  use  of  the  Turkish  Bath  as  a national  need ; and  surely,  if  slowly,  will 
their  hygienic,  their  soothing,  their  invigorating  influences,  commend  themselves  to  oui 
over-worked,  harrassed,  and  sedentary  population.  That  these  baths  facilitate  diges- 
tion WU3  known  of  old,  and  the  manner  in  which  they  were  used  for  the  relief  of  goiv 
mandiaers  has  been  made  one  of  the  topics  of  Juvenal’s  satire.  For  the  relief  of  rheu- 
oiatio  pains,  and  as  a prophylaxis  of  rheumatism,  there  can  be  no  question  as  to  then 
value.  They  are  better  worth  than  drugs  a^  ointments  for  many  cutaneous  ( 

Gtorgt  T.  Eltiot,  M.  D.,  ^ 


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